Abstract
In the presented chapter, various aspects related to carbon stabilization and storage in the form of biochar (an important soil amendment) are discussed. The following questions were considered: (i) what is the current general knowledge on biochar and its physicochemical composition, (ii) how manufacturing conditions affect biochar characteristics, including their role in carbon stabilization, (iii) how biochar contributes to soil carbon balance and storage, (iv) what are the effects of biochar on water retention in soil, soil erosion, production yields and economic productivity in agriculture, (iv) what are the effects of biochar on soil microbial community and activity, and (v) how biochar affects other soil amendments and their roles in soil. The present studies assess scientific outcomes and results which conclude that soil organic matter gained by organic residues can be used to enhance soil carbon storage. Following the published scientific results, the biochar amendment appears to be a promising way for increasing the stocks of recalcitrant carbon in the soil from a long-term perspective. Future research should focus on the designing, production, and use of enriched biochar, e.g. with nutrients, minerals, or microorganisms, to improve soil physicochemical properties, supply nutrients, and prevent their leaching. The fertilizer supplies accessible nutrients available to plants, and biochar can sequester depleted elements and prevent leaching of the added ones.
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Abbreviations
- AEC:
-
Anion Exchange Capacity
- AMF:
-
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi
- BC:
-
Biochar
- CEC:
-
Cation Exchange Capacity
- FT-ICR-MS:
-
Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry
- GHG:
-
Greenhouse Gas
- IBI:
-
International Biochar Initiative
- LOC:
-
Labile Organic Carbon
- NMR:
-
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
- Nr:
-
Nutrients
- OM:
-
Organic Matter
- R50:
-
Recalcitrance Index
- SEM:
-
Scanning Electron Microscopy
- SOC:
-
Soil Organic Carbon
- SOM:
-
Soil Organic Matter
- SPAC:
-
Stable Polycyclic Aromatic Carbon
- TOC:
-
Total Organic Carbon
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Acknowledgements
The work was supported by the project of Technology Agency of the Czech Republic TH02030169: Effect of biologically transformed organic matter and biochar application on the stability of productive soil properties and reduction of environmental risks and by the project of Technology Agency of the Czech Republic TH03030319: Promoting the functional diversity of soil organisms by applying classical and modified stable organic matter while preserving the soil’s production properties.
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Prichystalova, J. et al. (2021). Biochar Role in Soil Carbon Stabilization and Crop Productivity. In: Datta, R., Meena, R.S. (eds) Soil Carbon Stabilization to Mitigate Climate Change. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6765-4_1
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