Skip to main content

Usage Pattern Analysis of e-scooter Sharing System: A Case Study in Gothenburg, Sweden

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Smart Transportation Systems 2022 (KES-STS 2022)

Part of the book series: Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies ((SIST,volume 304))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

Swedish cities are embracing shared micro-mobility systems (SMMS) such as e-scooters sharing systems to promote sustainable travel behavior in urban contexts with corresponding infrastructure planning. SMMS is associated with various social, environmental, and economic benefits, as well as providing solutions for the first- and the last-mile problem of using public transit. This study analyzes the usage patterns of e-scooter systems, based on the scooter operation data of VOI company in Gothenburg, Sweden. The used data cover the transaction data of two and half months during the summer and include over five hundred thousand valid trip records. The result shows that most trips travel a distance between 0.5–1.8 km while the duration lasts between 4–7 min. Fridays and Saturdays are the most popular days while Sunday is the least popular day. The number of trips on Sundays decreases by about 60% compared to Fridays and Saturdays. Moreover, the e-scooters are used to varying degrees in the different areas of Gothenburg. The e-scooters are used at a much higher extent in central Gothenburg compared to areas outside the city center. This can be due to several different factors such as location, land use, and accessibility. Lastly, the results show that the e-scooters are not primarily used for commuting but rather for leisure, which can be seen in the average distance and duration of the entire zone as well as the temporal distribution.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Röda Korset: Klimatkrisen–hög tid att hjälpa drabbade (n.d.). https://www.rodakorset.se/var-varld/klimatkrisen/. Accessed 1 Nov 2021

  2. Naturvårdsverket: Sveriges klimatmål och klimatpolitiska ramverk (n.d.). https://www.naturvardsverket.se/amnesomraden/klimatomstallningen/sveriges-klimatarbete/sveriges-klimatmal-och-klimatpolitiska-ramverk/. Accessed 19 Nov 2021

  3. Li, A., Gao, K., Zhao, P., Qu, X., Axhausen, K.W.: High-resolution assessment of environmental benefits of dockless bike-sharing systems based on transaction data. J. Clean. Prod. 296, 126423 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Gao, K., Yang, Y., Qu, X.: Diverging effects of subjective prospect values of uncertain time and money. Commun. Transp. Res. 1, 100007 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commtr.2021.100007

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Naturvårdsverket: Inrikes transporter, utsläpp av växthusgaser (n.d.). https://www.naturvardsverket.se/data-och-statistik/klimat/vaxthusgaser-utslapp-fran-inrikes-transporter/. Accessed 19 Nov 2021

  6. Trafa: Resvanor i Sverige 2020 (2021). https://www.trafa.se/globalassets/statistik/resvanor/2020/resvanor-i-sverige-2020.pdf . Accessed 16 Sept 2021

  7. Mansky, J.: The Motorized Scooter Boom That Hit a Century Before Dockless Scooters, Smithsonian Magazine (2019). https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/motorized-scooter-boom-hit-century-dockless-scooters-180971989/. Accessed 3 Nov 2021

  8. Region Stockholm: Elsparkcyklar i delningsekonomin – Studie med fokus på regionalutveckling (2019). http://www.rufs.se/globalassets/h.-publikationer/2020/rapport-elsparkcyklar_200305.pdf. Accessed 27 Sept 2021

  9. Zhang, L., Zeng, Z., Gao, K.: A bi-level optimization framework for charging station design problem considering heterogeneous charging modes. J. Intell. Connect. Veh. 5(1), 8–16 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1108/JICV-07-2021-0009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. International transportation forum 2020: Safe Micromobility (2020). https://www.itf-oecd.org/sites/default/files/docs/safe-micromobility_1.pdf. Accessed 10 Oct 2021

  11. Gao, K., Yang, Y., Zhang, T., Li, A., Qu, X.: Extrapolation-enhanced model for travel decision making: an ensemble machine learning approach considering behavioral theory. Knowl. Based Syst. 218, 106882 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Mao, S., Xiao, G., Lee, J., Wang, L., Wang, Z., Huang, H.: Safety effects of work zone advisory systems under the intelligent connected vehicle environment: a microsimulation approach. J. Intell. Connect. Veh. 4(1), 16–27 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1108/JICV-07-2020-0006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Madapur, B., Madangopal, S., Chandrashekar, M.N.: Micro-mobility infrastructure for redefining urban mobility. Eur. J. Eng. Sci. Technol. 3(1), 71–85 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Shaheen, S., Cohen, A.: Shared Micromobility policy toolkit – Docked and dockless bike and scooter sharing. UC Berkeley: Transportation Sustainability Research Center, 2–7 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Bieliński, T., Ważna, A.: Electric scooter sharing and bike sharing user behaviour and characteristics. Sustainability 12(22), 9640 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Insurance Soved Blog: Australia’s electric scooter laws, Budget Direct (2021). https://www.budgetdirect.com.au/blog/australias-electric-scooter-laws-by-state.html. Accessed 2 Dec 2021

  17. Transportstyrelsen: A-traktor och elsparkcykel – så många skadas (2021). https://transportstyrelsen.se/sv/Press/Pressmeddelanden/2021/a-traktor-och-elsparkcykel-sa-manga-skadas. Accessed 18 Oct 2021

  18. Regionfakta: Areal och befolkningstäthet (2021). https://www.regionfakta.com/vastra-gotalands-lan/geografi/areal-och-befolkningstathet/. Accessed 20 Oct 2021

  19. Lu, C., Liu, C.: Ecological control strategy for cooperative autonomous vehicle in mixed traffic considering linear stability. J. Intell. Connect. Veh. 4(3), 115–124 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1108/JICV-08-2021-0012

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Göteborgs stad: Statistiks databas för Göteborgs stad (n.d). http://statistikdatabasgote-borg.se/pxweb/. Accessed 20 Oct 2021

  21. Göteborgs stad: Översiktsplan för Göteborgs stad (n.d.). https://oversiktsplan.goteborg.se/. Accessed 18 Oct 2021

  22. Xu, Q., Li, K., Wang, J., Yuan, Q., Yang, Y., Chu, W.: The status, challenges, and trends: an interpretation of technology roadmap of intelligent and connected vehicles in China (2020). J. Intell. Connect. Veh. 5(1), 1–7 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1108/JICV-07-2021-0010

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jieyu Fan .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Peci, G., Ali, S., Fan, J., Zhu, J. (2022). Usage Pattern Analysis of e-scooter Sharing System: A Case Study in Gothenburg, Sweden. In: Bie, Y., Qu, B.X., Howlett, R.J., Jain, L.C. (eds) Smart Transportation Systems 2022. KES-STS 2022. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, vol 304. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2813-0_13

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2813-0_13

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-19-2812-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-19-2813-0

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics