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Variables in Hypospadias Repair

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Hypospadiology

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Abstract

Hypospadias surgery is one of the most demanding ones, a pediatric surgeon/urologist has to perform. The surgeon needs to achieve both functionally and cosmetically acceptable results. The surgical outcome depends on the various factors related to the patients, surgical skill, and surgical environment. The patient-related factors are the hypospadias type, chordee severity, urethral plate and spongiosum development, type of urethroplasty, age at surgery, penile torsion, caudal analgesia, penis and glans size, application of a tourniquet, use of testosterone, and learning curve. Among these, the type of hypospadias, severity of chordee, poor development of the urethral plate and spongiosum, age of the patients are the most important variables that affect the results and play a crucial role in decision making. The presence of more than three variables in a patient results in poor outcomes in TIPU repair. In TIPU cases, these patients may need to add supporting tissue like tunica vaginalis or change the technique to augmented/replacement urethroplasty or two-stage repairs. They should also be counseled about the results before surgery.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bhat’s Hypospadias and Reconstructive Urology Hospital and Research Centre, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Amilal Bhat

  2. Department of Urology, Jaipur National University Institute for Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Amilal Bhat

  3. Department of Urology, Dr. S.N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India

    Amilal Bhat

  4. Department of Urology, S.P. Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India

    Amilal Bhat

  5. P.G. Committee Medical Council of India, New Delhi, India

    Amilal Bhat

  6. Academic and Research Council of RUHS, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Amilal Bhat

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  1. Bhat’s Hypospadias and Reconstructive Urology Hospital and Research Centre, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Amilal Bhat

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Bhat, A. (2022). Variables in Hypospadias Repair. In: Bhat, A. (eds) Hypospadiology . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8395-4_31

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