Basics of Eyelids for Ophthalmology Board Exams

Abstract

Eyelids are usually contributing two to three questions in ophthalmology basic exams, where examiners usually focus on common topics. For example, the cross-sectional anatomy and the relation of the internal structures to each other are among the highest yield topics. An example of such questions is the relation of muscles to the orbital septum, as the orbicular oculi muscle lies anterior, while the levator muscle lies posterior to the orbital septum.

This chapter will introduce the classification and organization of eyelids from cross-sectional, vertical, and horizontal views. After that, it will detail the appendages found within the eyelids, a commonly asked about the topic in exams. Details about blood supply, venous drainage, and muscular content are then introduced. Finally, common pathologies with only important details for exam purposes with high yield notes.