Abstract
This paper presents the design and analysis of the reconfigurable hexa-band microstrip patch antenna for wireless applications. Antenna is designed over the FR4 epoxy substrate (16 \(\times \) 33 \(\text {mm}^2\)) with defected ground structure (16\(\times \)7.5 \(\text {mm}^2\)) and three PIN switch diodes. The proposed antenna operates at one dual band (2.1 and 3.4 GHz) and four single bands (3.3, 3.2, 3, and 2.8 GHz) with 193 MHz, 400 MHz, 628 MHz, 647 MHz, 409 MHz, and 413 MHz bandwidth, respectively. For the proposed antenna, a maximum peak gain of 9.2 dB at 2.1 GHz resonating frequency has been achieved. Proposed antenna covers the wide range (2.1–3.4 GHz) band of reconfigurability with a maximum of 1.6 frequency ratio. The multiband behavior of the proposed antenna makes it best choice for wireless applications over single-band antenna.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Mishra B, Singh V, Singh R (2018) Gap Coupled Dual-Band Petal Shape Patch Antenna for WLAN / WiMAX Applications. Advances in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 16(2):185–198 https://doi.org/10.15598/aeee.v16i2.2416
Singh V et al (2016) A Compact Quad-Band Microstrip Antenna for S and C-Band Aapplications. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 58(6):1365–1369. https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.29799
Idris, I. H. et al. (2018) ‘A Multi to Wideband Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna’, International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, 28(4), p. e21216 (1–9). https://doi.org/10.1002/mmce.21216
Vamseekrishna A et al (2019) An IoT Controlled Octahedron Frequency Reconfigurable Multiband Antenna for Microwave Sensing Applications. IEEE Sensors Letters 3(10):1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/LSENS.2019.2943772
Shah IA et al (2019) Design and Analysis of a Hexa-Band Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Wireless Communication. AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications 98:80–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2018.10.012
Tawk, Y. et al. (2017) ‘Physically Reconfigurable Antennas: Concepts and Automation’, in 2017 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting. IEEE, pp. 419–420. https://doi.org/10.1109/APUSNCURSINRSM.2017.8072252
Deng, Z. and Yao, Y. (2011) ‘Ka Band Frequency Reconfigurable Microstrip Antenna Based on MEMS Technology’, In: Wan X. (eds) Electrical Power Systems and Computers. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 99. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg pp. 535–541. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21747-0-67
Shi, H. et al. (2018) ‘Radiation Pattern Reconfigurable Waveguide Slot Array Antenna Using Liquid Crystal’, International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, pp. 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/2164065
Zhao, D. et al. (2014) ‘Low-Power Optically Controlled Patch Antenna of Reconfigurable Beams’, International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, pp. 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/978258
Costantine, J., Tawk, Y. and Christodoulou, C. G. (2016) ‘Reconfigurable Antennas’, in Handbook of Antenna Technologies. Singapore: Springer Singapore, pp. 1737–1772. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4560-44-3-61
Zhang, X. et al. (2017) ‘A Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Multiband Mobile Handset Applications’, International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, 27(9), p. e21143 (1–8). https://doi.org/10.1002/mmce.21143
Cai Y-M et al (2018) A Low-Profile Frequency Reconfigurable Grid-Slotted Patch Antenna. IEEE Access 6:36305–36312. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2850926
Sharma, M., Awasthi, Y. K. and Singh, H. (2019) ‘Compact Multiband Planar Monopole Antenna for Bluetooth, LTE, and Reconfigurable UWB Applications Including X-Band and Ku-Band Wireless Communications’, International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, 29(6), p. e21668 (1–11). https://doi.org/10.1002/mmce.21668
Chattha HT et al (2018) Frequency Reconfigurable Patch Antenna for 4G LTE Applications. Progress In Electromagnetics Research M 69:1–13. https://doi.org/10.2528/PIERM18022101
Acknowledgements
Research described in this paper was financially supported by The World Bank and National Project Implementation Unit (NPIU), MHRD, India, under the TEQIP III project scheme of Collaborative Research Scheme (CRS) of Project Entitled “Development of IoT controlled frequency/pattern reconfigurable MIMO antenna for harvesting systems.”
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Siddique, S.A., Mishra, B., Singh, R.K., Singh, V., Soni, S.K. (2022). Reconfigurable Hexa-band Antenna with Defected Ground Structure for 2.1–3.4 GHz Band Applications. In: Tiwari, M., Maddila, R.K., Garg, A.K., Kumar, A., Yupapin, P. (eds) Optical and Wireless Technologies. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 771. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2818-4_45
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2818-4_45
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-16-2817-7
Online ISBN: 978-981-16-2818-4
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)