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Structural and Functional Rhizospheric Microbial Diversity Analysis by Cutting-Edge Biotechnological Tools

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Omics Science for Rhizosphere Biology

Part of the book series: Rhizosphere Biology ((RHBIO))

Abstract

The rhizosphere is a composite ecosystem which supports multiple bacterial populations that nourishes the terrestrial biosphere and plays a crucial role in the continuous recycling of minerals, nutrients, and organic matter through the soil. Diverse varieties of molecular tools based on immediate isolation and analysis of various compounds from environmental samples such as lipids, nucleic acids, and peptides have been discovered which have provided structural and functional data about microbial communities present in rhizospheric soil. With the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies (NGS), it has become possible to delve deeper into the rhizosphere microbiome to understand the unknown aspects of it. This has resulted in a shift from traditional approaches to the modern omics-based approach based on NGS sequencing technologies for discovering and distinguishing the vast microbial diversity to understand their interactions with different environmental factors. The major objective of this chapter is to provide insights on structural and functional rhizospheric microbial diversity analysis by the application of cutting-edge biotechnological tools. We have first glanced through the basic concepts of rhizosphere and its importance in plant system, the common rhizospheric microbial population, and looked at the plant–microbe interactions which are of prime importance in the rhizosphere ecosystem. Next, we come to the molecular tools used for rhizospheric microscopic diversity analysis—a detailed view into a few of the traditional approaches used for diversity approaches before proceeding to the rapidly emerging and more popular omics-based approaches used for rhizosphere microbial diversity analysis. We have also identified the merits and demerits, future opportunities of omics-based approaches in rhizosphere microbiology.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India

    Tanya Gupta, Debatri Chakraborty & Angana Sarkar

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  1. Tanya Gupta
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  2. Debatri Chakraborty
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  3. Angana Sarkar
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Correspondence to Angana Sarkar .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ramesh Namdeo Pudake

  2. Department of Life Sciences, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India

    Binod Bihari Sahu

  3. Directorate of Life Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organisation, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Maya Kumari

  4. Department of Biological Sciences, C.B.S.H., G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India

    Anil K. Sharma

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Gupta, T., Chakraborty, D., Sarkar, A. (2021). Structural and Functional Rhizospheric Microbial Diversity Analysis by Cutting-Edge Biotechnological Tools. In: Pudake, R.N., Sahu, B.B., Kumari, M., Sharma, A.K. (eds) Omics Science for Rhizosphere Biology. Rhizosphere Biology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0889-6_9

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