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Morphological, Physiobiochemical and Molecular Adaptability of Legumes of Fabaceae to Drought Stress, with Special Reference to Medicago Sativa L.

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The Plant Family Fabaceae

Abstract

Drought stress (DS) is one of the most hostile limitations for sustainable crop production. Developing DS-tolerant crop cultivars and the use of better crop management practices may help improve crop performance under drought. In this chapter, the adverse effect of drought on the growth and development of legumes and the morphological, physiobiochemical, and molecular basis of adaptability to drought are described. Under drought, overproduction of reactive oxygen species causes oxidative damage. The role of osmolytes and antioxidants in countering the oxidative damages has been widely described. Moreover, “omics-based approaches,” such as proteomics, metabolomics–transcriptomics, and genomics are promissory approaches to identify drought-tolerant genes, decode complex gene networks, and numerous signaling cascades involved in drought tolerance in legumes. The recently developed CRISPR-Cas technology has already been used in precision breeding of many plants including the members of Fabaceae such as alfalfa is also discussed in the chapter.

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Abbreviations

ABA:

Abscisic acid

APX:

Ascorbate peroxidase

AsA:

Ascorbic acid

CAT:

Catalase

CS:

Compatible solutes

DHA:

Dehydroascorbate (oxidized ascorbate)

DHAR:

Dehydroascorbate reductase

DE:

Drought escaping

DS:

Drought stress

GB:

Glycine betaine

GPX:

Glutathione peroxidase

GR:

Glutathione reductase

GPX:

Glutathione peroxidase

GST:

Glutathione-S-transferase

H2O2:

Hydrogen peroxide

JA:

Jasmonic acid

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

MDAR:

Monodehydroascorbate reductase

MDHAR:

Monodehydroascorbate reductase

1O2:

Single oxygen

O2•-:

Uperoxide anion free radical

OH•:

Hydroxyl-free radical

PEG:

Polyethylene glycol

POD:

Peroxidase

RLD:

Root length and density

RDW:

Root dry weight

RO:

Alkoxy radical

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

RSR:

Root shoot ratio

RT-qPCR:

Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction

RWC:

Relative water content

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

TCA:

Trichloroacetic acid

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute (BWMRI), Dinajpur, 5200, Bangladesh

    Akbar Hossain

  2. Department of Crop Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud-123, Muscat, Oman

    Muhammad Farooq

  3. Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan

    Muhammad Farooq

  4. The UWA Institute of Agriculture and School of Agriculture, & Environment, the University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia

    Muhammad Farooq

  5. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Shaikh, 33516, Egypt

    Ayman EL Sabagh

  6. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Mirza Hasanuzzaman

  7. Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey

    Ayman EL Sabagh & Murat Erman

  8. Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh

    Tofazzal Islam

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  1. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Mirza Hasanuzzaman

  2. Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal

    Susana Araújo

  3. Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India

    Sarvajeet Singh Gill

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Hossain, A., Farooq, M., EL Sabagh, A., Hasanuzzaman, M., Erman, M., Islam, T. (2020). Morphological, Physiobiochemical and Molecular Adaptability of Legumes of Fabaceae to Drought Stress, with Special Reference to Medicago Sativa L.. In: Hasanuzzaman, M., Araújo, S., Gill, S. (eds) The Plant Family Fabaceae. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4752-2_11

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