Abstract
Global climate change has brought about deleterious consequences like stratospheric ozone depletion, leading to high white light irradiance and unprecedented UV ray exposure which might impact staple crop plants as the most delimiting abiotic factor. Alarming ozone deficiency as much as 4% over the tropical rice-growing continents including Asia can severely affect the agricultural turnover. As a result, a multitude of morphological, physiological and genetic alterations are categorically expected for rice cultivars and agro-ecosystems at expositions of increased irradiative and UV exposure-related stress. On a phenotypic note, visible changes like stunting, leaf blotching, spikelet number alteration and grain count reduction have been observed and compared on varietal rank leading to the qualitative identification of resistant and susceptible lines. Insights over physiological as well as genetic basis of UV and high light intensity stress have revealed mechanisms of injurious responses like photosynthetic suppression, increase in non-photochemical quenching as a consequence of the photoinhibition of PSII, lipid peroxidation and protective accumulation of UV screen guarding compounds, differential expression of proteins involved in detoxification or antioxidation and various other metabolic processes. Understanding of the various common molecular responses against UV/light stress has elucidated categorical genetic and protein-level deformities which can be overbridged by selective breeding-, transcriptomics- or proteomics-based approaches. Several crop improvement programmes have been attempted already with the effort of overexpressing pivotal genes concerned with UV stress resistance. Contrastingly, a comprehensive range of betterment benefits have also been documented for certain rice varieties under UV stress, such as increased accumulation of antioxidant compounds, upheaval of total nitrogen and elevated storage protein content in grains. Thus, certainly a plethora of parameters concerning the UV or high light intensity stress amelioration need to be reviewed and analysed for the wholesome quality improvement of rice through biotechnological advancements in the near future.
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Bhattacharyya, S. (2020). Rice Tolerance to High Light Intensity and UV Radiation Through Biotechnological Approaches. In: Roychoudhury, A. (eds) Rice Research for Quality Improvement: Genomics and Genetic Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4120-9_21
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