Abstract
The latest flu-pandemic caused by influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 (pH1N1) has taken several hundred lives. Influenza virus contributes to respiratory diseases that lead to the nasal secretions, barking cough, decreased appetite, etc., human beings serve to be the dead-end hosts for the virus. The seasonal reassortment and regeneration of virus contribute to chronic infections, which cannot be treated and leads to drug-resistant strains and antigenic shift that is involved in viral entry, spread and tissue tropism. Various antiviral drugs and vaccines are undergoing clinical trials to fight against the virus. For the treatment of infection antiviral drugs like zanamivir and oseltamivir are given to the patients within 48 h of symptom initiation. The main objective nowadays is the search for alternative vaccines that can effectively combat the reasserted virus. Therefore, this article emphasizes on the availability of vaccines and antiviral drugs which can be used to prevent viral infections during the severe outbreaks.
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Abbreviations
- ARIs:
-
Acute respiratory infections
- DC-Chol/DPPC:
-
Cationic liposomes comprising cationic compound neutral phospholipids
- IFITM3:
-
Interferon-inducible trans-membrane protein family membranes 3
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Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to the Vice-Chancellor, King George’s Medical University (KGMU) Lucknow, for the encouragement of this work. SK Saxena is also supported by CCRH, Government of India. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.
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Saxena, S.K., Maurya, V.K., Kumar, S., Bhatt, M.L.B. (2020). Pandemic Influenza A Virus (pH1N1). In: Malik, Y.S., Singh, R.K., Dhama, K. (eds) Animal-Origin Viral Zoonoses. Livestock Diseases and Management. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2651-0_6
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