Skip to main content

Performance Analysis of Convolutional Neural Networks for Exudate Detection in Fundus Images

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Intelligent Computing and Communication (ICICC 2019)

Part of the book series: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing ((AISC,volume 1034))

Included in the following conference series:

  • 583 Accesses

Abstract

In the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy and macula edema, the extraction of exudates is a crucial task, particularly in the presence of optic disc and cotton wools which have similar intensity. To add to this some of the reflectance around the vessels originating from the optic disc also needs to be eliminated. In this paper, supervised method with deep learning neural network is proposed for exudate classification. The network is trained with large number of sub-images, around 48,000 for each image, which are fed as inputs to the network. The original image is pre-processed before the patches are extracted. The database e-Ophtha is used. It has 47 images with exudates and ground truths. The performance of the system is good with an accuracy of 98.67%, area under the curve 97.29, sensitivity of 72.26% and specificity of 98.76%. Analysis of the system with respect to depth of network and patch size is also performed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Wild, S., Roglic, G., Green, A., Sicree, R., King, H.: Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030. Diabetes Care 2004(27), 1047–1053 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Lundquist, M.B., Sharma, N., Kewalramani, K., Lundquist, M.B., Sharma, N., Kewalramani, K.: Patient perceptions of eye disease and treatment in Bihar India. J. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. 3, 213 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Goh, J.K.H., Sim, S.S., Tan, G.S.W.: Retinal imaging techniques for diabetic retinopathy screening. J. Diabetes Sci. Technol. 10, 282–294 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Decencière, E., Cazuguel, G., Zhang, X., Thibault, G., Klein, J.C., Meyer, F., Marcotegui, B., Quellec, G., Lamard, M., Danno, R., Elie, D., Massin, P., Viktor, Z., Erginary, A., Laÿ, B., Chabouis, A.: TeleOphta: machine learning and image processing methods for teleophthalmology. Innov. Res. BioMed. Eng. 34(2), 196–203 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Sinthanayothin, C., Kongbunkiat, V., Phoojaruenchanachai, S., Singalavanija A.: Automated screening system for diabetic retinopathy. In: Proceedings of the third International Symposium on Image and Signal Processing and Analysis, pp. 915–920 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Sopharak, A., Uyyanonvara, B., Barman, S., Williamson T.H.: Automatic detection of diabetic retinopathy exudates from non-dilated retinal images using mathematical morphology methods. J. Comput. Med. Imaging Graph. 32, 720–727 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Franklin, S.W., Rajan. S.E.: Diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy by employing image processing technique to detect exudates in retinal images. IET Image Proc. 8, 601–609 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Jaya, T., Dheeba, J., Albert Singh, N.: Detection of hard exudates in colour fundus images using fuzzy support vector machine-based expert system. J Digital Imaging 28, 761–768 (2015). Springer

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Agurto, C., Murray, V., Yu, H., Wigdahl, J., Pattichis, M., Nemeth, S., Barriga, E.S., Soliz. P.: A multiscale optimization approach to detect exudates in the macula. IEEE J. Biomed. Health. Inf. 18(4),1328–1336 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Sandur, P., Naveena, C., Aradhya, V.N.M., Nagasundara, K.B.: Segmentation of brain tumor tissues in HGG and LGG MR images using 3D U-net convolutional neural network. Int. J. Nat. Comput. Res. 7(2), April–June (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Liskowski, P., Krawiec, K.: Segmenting retinal blood vessels with deep neural networks. IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging 35(11), 2369–2380 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Ngo, L., Han, J.H.: Multi-level deep neural network for efficient segmentation of blood vessels in fundus images. Electron. Lett. 53(16), 1096–1098 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Cortinovis, D.: Retinal blood vessel segmentation with a convolutional neural network (U-net). https://github.com/orobix/retina-unet. Accessed 15 Sept 2018

  14. Tan, J.H., Acharya, U.R., Bhandary, S.V., Chua, K.C., Sivaprasad, S.: Segmentation of optic disc, fovea and retinal vasculature using a single convolutional neural network. J. Comput. Sci. 20, 70–79 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Tan, J.H., Fujita, H., Sivaprasad, S., Bhandary, S.V., Rao, A.K., Chua, K.C., Acharya, U.R.: Automated segmentation of exudates, haemorrhages, microaneurysms using single convolutional neural network. J. Inform. Sci. 420, 66–76 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Chen, T., Lin, L., Liu, L., Luo, X., Li, X.: DISC: deep image saliency computing via progressive representation learning. IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. Learn. Syst. 27(6), 1135–1149 (2016)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  17. Quellec, G., Charrière, K., Boudi, Y., Cochener, B., Lamard, M.: Deep image mining for diabetic retinopathy screening. J. Med. Image Anal. 39, 178–193 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Harangi, B., Lazar, I., Hajdu, A.: Automatic exudate detection using active contour model and region wise classification. In: Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), Annual International Conference of the IEEE, pp. 5951–5954 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Prentašic, P., Loncǎric, S.: Detection of exudates in fundus photographs using deep neural networks and anatomical landmark detection fusion. Comput. Methods Programs Biomed. 137, 281–292 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Welfer, D., Scharcanski, J., Marinho. D.R.: A coarse-to-fine strategy for automatically detecting exudates in color eye fundus images. Comput. Med. Imaging Graph. 34, 228–235 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Mo, J., Zhang, L., Feng, Y.: Exudate-based diabetic macular edema recognition in retinal images using cascaded deep residual networks. J. Neurocomputing 290, 161–171 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nandana Prabhu .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Prabhu, N., Bhoir, D., Rao, U. (2020). Performance Analysis of Convolutional Neural Networks for Exudate Detection in Fundus Images. In: Bhateja, V., Satapathy, S., Zhang, YD., Aradhya, V. (eds) Intelligent Computing and Communication. ICICC 2019. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1034. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1084-7_36

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics