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Biological and Bio-inspired Nanomaterials pp 401–440Cite as

Bioinspired Engineering of Organ-on-Chip Devices

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Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1174))

Abstract

The human body can be viewed as an organism consisting of a variety of cellular and non-cellular materials interacting in a highly ordered manner. Its complex and hierarchical nature inspires the multi-level recapitulation of the human body in order to gain insights into the inner workings of life. While traditional cell culture models have led to new insights into the cellular microenvironment and biological control in vivo, deeper understanding of biological systems and human pathophysiology requires the development of novel model systems that allow for analysis of complex internal and external interactions within the cellular microenvironment in a more relevant organ context. Engineering organ-on-chip systems offers an unprecedented opportunity to unravel the complex and hierarchical nature of human organs. In this chapter, we first highlight the advances in microfluidic platforms that enable engineering of the cellular microenvironment and the transition from cells-on-chips to organs-on-chips. Then, we introduce the key features of the emerging organs-on-chips and their proof-of-concept applications in biomedical research. We also discuss the challenges and future outlooks of this state-of-the-art technology.

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Abbreviations

ADMET:

Adsorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination and toxicity

BBB:

Blood-brain-barrier

EBs:

Embryonic body

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

ECs:

Endothelial cells

EMT:

Epithelial-to mesenchymal

ESCs:

Embryonic stem cells

FSS:

Fluidic shear stress

iPSCs:

Induced pluripotent stem cells

MEMS:

Micro-electromechanical system

MSC:

Mesenchymal stem cells

PDMS:

Polydimethylsiloxane

PK/PD:

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics

TEER:

Trans-epithelial electrical resistance

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA16020900, XDPB0305), National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 91543121, 31671038, 81573394, 81803492), National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2017YFB0405400), Key Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KFZD-SW-213), Innovation Program of Science and Research from the DICP, CAS (DICP TMSR201601).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China

    Li Wang, Zhongyu Li, Cong Xu & Jianhua Qin

  2. CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

    Jianhua Qin

  3. Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

    Jianhua Qin

  4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

    Jianhua Qin

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  1. Li Wang
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  2. Zhongyu Li
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  3. Cong Xu
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  4. Jianhua Qin
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Correspondence to Jianhua Qin .

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  1. National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

    Sarah Perrett

  2. Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark DTU, Lyngby, Denmark

    Alexander K. Buell

  3. Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

    Tuomas P.J. Knowles

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Wang, L., Li, Z., Xu, C., Qin, J. (2019). Bioinspired Engineering of Organ-on-Chip Devices. In: Perrett, S., Buell, A., Knowles, T. (eds) Biological and Bio-inspired Nanomaterials. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1174. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9791-2_13

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