Abstract
An approach to account for combined convection during droplet evaporation and study of pure component droplets and mono-dispersed sprays is presented. The classical gas-phase and infinite conductivity liquid-phase model are extended, with the use of an effective Reynolds number, to conflate the combined effects of forced and natural convection. The current model, after validation with experimental and numerical data using an independent code, is incorporated into a commercial CFD software, ANSYS Fluent, via user-defined functions with the Eulerian–Lagrangian numerical scheme. A validation study is carried out by comparing with available experimental, numerical, and analytical data on pure component droplets and a mono-dispersed spray, respectively, for without and with droplet dynamics. The results are shown in terms of mass fraction, droplet velocity, droplet diameter square, and droplet temperature. The validation shows reasonably good match between the present numerical data and experimental and analytical data, respectively, for initial Red/Grd 0.09, 2.12, and 60 evaporating droplets/sprays. It is concluded that the biofuels, for example, ethanol with a lower latent heat of vaporization, burn much like mono-component droplets and the blowing effect can be important in their modeling in the spray combustion.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Sazhin, S.S.: Advanced models of fuel droplet heating and evaporation. Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 32, 162–214 (2006)
Chen, G., Agarwal, S.K., Jackson, T.A., Switzer, G.L.: Experimental study of pure and multi-component fuel droplet evaporation in a heated air flow. At. Sprays 7, 317–337 (1997)
Miller, R.S., Harstad, K., Bellan, H.J.: Evaluation of equilibrium and non-equilibrium evaporation models for many droplet gas–liquid flow simulations. Int. J. Multiph. Flow 24, 1025–1055 (1998)
Sirignano, W.A.: Fluid Dynamics and Transport of Droplets and Sprays, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press (2010)
Clift, R., Grace, J.R., Weber, M.E.: Bubbles, Drops and Particles. Academic Press, New York (1978)
Downing, C.G.: The evaporation of drops of pure liquids at elevated temperatures, rates of evaporation and wet-bulb temperature. AIChE J. 12(4), 760–766 (1966)
Faeth, G.M., Lazar, R.S.: Fuel droplet burning rates in a combustion gas environment. AIAA J. 9, 2165–2171 (1971)
Froessling, N.: Ueber die Verdunstungfallender Tropfen. Gerlands Beitraege. Geophys. 52, 170–216 (1938)
Ranz, W.E., Marshall, W.R. Jr.: Evaporation from drops (Part I and II). Chem. Eng. Progress 48(3), 141–146, 172–180 (1952)
Abramzon, B., Sirignano, W.A.: Droplet vaporization model for spray combustion calculations. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 32(9), 1605–1618 (1989)
Chiang, C.H., Raju, M.S., Sirignano, W.A.: Numerical analysis of convecting, vaporizing fuel droplet with variable properties. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 35, 1307–1324 (1992)
Haywood, R.J., Nafziger, N., Renksizbulut, M.: A detailed examination of gas and liquid phase transient processes in convective droplet evaporation. ASME J. Heat Transf. 111, 495–502 (1989)
Kolaitis, D.I., Founti, M.A.: A comparative study of numerical models for Eulerian–Lagrangian simulations of turbulent evaporating sprays. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 27, 424–435 (2006)
Gollahalli, S.R.: Buoyancy effects on the flame structure in the wakes of burning liquid drops. Combust. Flame 29, 21–31 (1977)
Morin, C., Chauveau, C., Gökalp, I.: Droplet vaporization characteristics of vegetable oil derived bio-fuels at high temperatures. Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci. 21, 41–50 (2000)
Birouk, M., Toth, S.L.: Vaporization and combustion of a soybean biodiesel droplet in a turbulent environment at elevated ambient pressure. Combust. Sci. Technol. 187(6), 937–952 (2015)
Daho, T., Vaitilingom, G., Sanogo, O., Ouiminga, S.K., Segda, B.G., Valette, J., Higelin, P., Koulidiati, J.: A model for predicting evaporation characteristics of vegetable oil droplets based on their fatty acid composition. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 55(11–12), 2864–2871 (2012)
Shintre, P., Raghavan, V.: Experimental investigations of burning rates of pure ethanol and ethanol blended fuels. Combust. Flame 156, 997–1005 (2009)
Dirbude, S., Eswaran, V., Kushari, A.: Droplet vaporization modelling of rapeseed and sunflower methyl esters. Fuel 92(1), 171–179 (2012)
Law, C.K., Williams, F.A.: Kinetics and convection in the combustion of alkane droplets. Combust. Flame 19, 393–405 (1972)
Wong, S.C., Lin, A.R.: Internal temperature distributions of droplets vaporizing in high temperature convective flows. J. Fluid Mech. 237(11), 671–687 (1992)
Lefebvre, A.: Atomization and Sprays. Taylor and Francis, NY (1989)
Boileau, M.: Simulation numérique de la combustion diphasique. WN/CFD/03/73, July (2003)
ANSYS-Fluent UDF, Release 13.0 Manual (2011)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Dirbude, S., Kushari, A., Eswaran, V. (2019). Numerical Modeling and Study of Vaporization of Single Droplet and Mono-dispersed Spray Under Mixed Convection Conditions. In: Chandrasekhar, U., Yang, LJ., Gowthaman, S. (eds) Innovative Design, Analysis and Development Practices in Aerospace and Automotive Engineering (I-DAD 2018). Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2697-4_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2697-4_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-2696-7
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-2697-4
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)