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Advances in Waste Management pp 107–121Cite as

Utilization of Water Treatment Plant (WTP) Sludge for Pretreatment of Dye Wastewater Using Coagulation/Flocculation

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Abstract

Water treatment plants generate large amounts of sludge during the coagulation and flocculation of raw water that poses a challenge in the disposal. Potential savings in coagulant dosage could be achieved through the recovery of coagulant from sludge or reusing the sludge during the treatment. Current research focuses on the reuse of WTP sludge for the treatment of dyeing wastewater. The study area, i.e. Varanasi, is famous for its Banarasi Saree industries, most of which are small to medium scale in magnitude. Dyes being used have been polluting nearby water bodies such as Ganga, Varuna and Assi. At present, there is an immediate need for the development of low-cost methods to treat the coloured wastewater as commonly adopted methods are costly that cannot provide an economical treatment option for such small- and medium-scale industries. Therefore, use of low-cost materials like WTP sludge for pretreatment could be a feasible option for achieving the desired results after final treatment. The study was conducted using coagulation and flocculation by WTP sludge for the treatment of Acid Red 94, Acid Yellow 1, Direct Green 26 and Reactive Blue 21 dyes because these were frequently used in dyeing units in and around Varanasi city. The maximum removal for Acid Red 94, Acid Yellow 1, Direct Green 26 and Reactive Blue 21 dyes was found to be at the sieve size of 90–125 µm, and the corresponding values were 41.5, 27, 43.5 and 26.2%, respectively.

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Abbreviations

WTP sludge:

Water treatment plant sludge

AR 94:

Acid Red 94

RB 21:

Reactive Blue 21

DG 26:

Direct Green 26

AY 1:

Acid Yellow 1

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Ujjain Engineering College, Ujjain, India

    Y. Shiva Shankar

  2. Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited, New Delhi, India

    Kumar Ankur

  3. Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India

    Prashant Bhushan

  4. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India

    Devendra Mohan

Authors
  1. Y. Shiva Shankar
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  2. Kumar Ankur
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  3. Prashant Bhushan
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  4. Devendra Mohan
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Devendra Mohan .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India

    Ajay S. Kalamdhad

  2. Department of Environmental Science, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Jiwan Singh

  3. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India

    Kondusamy Dhamodharan

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Shiva Shankar, Y., Ankur, K., Bhushan, P., Mohan, D. (2019). Utilization of Water Treatment Plant (WTP) Sludge for Pretreatment of Dye Wastewater Using Coagulation/Flocculation. In: Kalamdhad, A., Singh, J., Dhamodharan, K. (eds) Advances in Waste Management . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0215-2_8

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