Abstract
Typhoid and paratyphoid fever are acute gastrointestinal infectious diseases caused by Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi. Main pathological changes of the diseases are continuous bacteremia and productive reaction of systemic monocyte-macrophages system, which is mainly characterized by proliferation and necrosis of lymphoid tissues in the lower ileum. Clinically, typhoid fever is characterized by persistent fever, relative bradycardia, systemic toxic and gastrointestinal tract symptoms, roseola, hepatosplenomegaly, and leucopenia, which are complicated by enterorrhagia and enterobrosis. Clinical manifestations of paratyphoid fever A and B are similar to those of typhoid fever but are mild with shorter courses. However, the clinical manifestations of paratyphoid fever C are special with acute gastroenteritis and pyemia.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Gali BM, Ali N, Agbese GO, et al. Gallbladder perforation complicating typhoid fever: report of two cases. Niger J Med. 2011;20(1):181–3.
Hennedige T, Bindl DS, Bhasin A, et al. Computed tomography features in enteric fever. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2012;41(7):281–6.
Husain EH. Fulminant hepatitis in typhoid fever. J Infect Public Health. 2011;4(3):154–6.
Khan MI, Ochiai RL, Soofi SB, et al. Risk factors associated with typhoid fever in children aged 2–16 years in Karachi, Pakistan. Epidemiol Infect. 2012;140(4):665–72.
Li YL. Pathology. Beijing: People’s Publishing House; 2006.
Mateen MA, Saleem S, Rao PC, et al. Ultrasound in the diagnosis of typhoid fever. Indian J Pediatr. 2006;73(8):681–5.
Mayer CA, Neilson AA. Typhoid and paratyphoid fever -prevention in travellers. Aust Fam Physician. 2010;39(11):847–51.
Neil KP, Sodha SV, Lukwago L, et al. A large outbreak of typhoid fever associated with a high rate of intestinal perforation in Kasese District, Uganda, 2008–2009. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;54(8):1091–9.
Ratnayake EC, Shivanthan C, Wijesiriwardena BC. Cholestatic hepatitis in a patient with typhoid fever – a case report. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2011;10:35. doi:10.1186/1476-0711-10-35.
Sheng B, Ho WS, Lau KK, et al. Bickerstaff’s brainstem encephalitis complicating Salmonella Paratyphi A infection. Neurol Sci. 2011;302(1–2):108–11.
Wang XW, Lu JM. A case study of bone marrow spondylitis caused by Salmonella Paratyphi C. Chin J Reparative Reconstr Surg. 2012;26(3):382–3.
Wang LQ, Kan B, Zhang FN. Global epidemic overview and prevention of typhoid and paratyphoid fever. Dis Surveil. 2007;22(7):492–4.
Yu RH, Xue HM. Progress of laboratory diagnosis of typhoid fever. Int J Lab Med. 2009;30(11):1093–4.
Zou J. A case study of typhoid fever with the first clinical manifestation of interstitial pneumonia. Chin J Infect Chemother. 2008;8(3):228–9.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht and People's Medical Publishing House
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Shi, D., Li, H., Cheng, A. (2015). Typhoid and Paratyphoid Fever. In: Li, H. (eds) Radiology of Infectious Diseases: Volume 2. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9876-1_24
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9876-1_24
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-017-9875-4
Online ISBN: 978-94-017-9876-1
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)