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Roles of Phytohormones in Morphological and Anatomical Responses of Plants to Flooding Stress

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Plant Hormones under Challenging Environmental Factors

Abstract

Waterlogging and submergence stress, which are caused by flooding, often produce injurious effects on plant growth. Plants have some adaptive mechanisms, such as aerenchyma formation, adventitious root formation, and control of shoot elongation, to avoid oxygen deficiency under flooded conditions. Ethylene is involved in most of the morphological and anatomical responses of plants to flooding; thus, this phytohormone is a key factor for plant growth control under flooded conditions. The processes of some morphological responses are controlled by different interactions between ethylene and other phytohormones [such as auxin, gibberellin (GA), and abscisic acid (ABA)]. Ethylene and auxin act synergistically in the control of adventitious root formation. On the other hand, ethylene acts synergistically with GA and antagonistically with ABA in the control of adventitious root formation and submergence-stimulated shoot elongation. Here, we summarize how the morphological and anatomical responses of plants to flooding stress are controlled by ethylene or the interplay between ethylene and other phytohormones.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Dr. Takaki Yamauchi (Nagoya University) for critically reading this article and stimulating discussions on this topic.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People’s Republic of China

    Zhongyuan Hu & Mingfang Zhang

  2. Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development & Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310058, People’s Republic of China

    Zhongyuan Hu & Mingfang Zhang

  3. Department of Horticulture, School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People’s Republic of China

    Xiaohua Qi & Xuehao Chen

  4. Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan

    Mikio Nakazono

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  1. Zhongyuan Hu
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  1. Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China

    Golam Jalal Ahammed

  2. Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

    Jing-Quan Yu

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Hu, Z., Qi, X., Zhang, M., Chen, X., Nakazono, M. (2016). Roles of Phytohormones in Morphological and Anatomical Responses of Plants to Flooding Stress. In: Ahammed, G., Yu, JQ. (eds) Plant Hormones under Challenging Environmental Factors. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7758-2_5

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