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Peroxisomes and their Key Role in Cellular Signaling and Metabolism pp 153–167Cite as

Essential Roles of Peroxisomally Produced and Metabolized Biomolecules in Regulating Yeast Longevity

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Part of the book series: Subcellular Biochemistry ((SCBI,volume 69))

Abstract

The essential role of the peroxisome in oxidizing fatty acids, maintaining reactive oxygen species homeostasis and replenishing tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates is well known. Recent findings have broadened a spectrum of biomolecules that are synthesized and metabolized in peroxisomes. Emergent evidence supports the view that, by releasing various biomolecules known to modulate essential cellular processes, the peroxisome not only operates as an organizing platform for several developmental and differentiation programs but is also actively involved in defining the replicative and chronological age of a eukaryotic cell. The scope of this chapter is to summarize the evidence that the peroxisome defines yeast longevity by operating as a system controller that: (1) modulates levels of non-esterified fatty acids and diacylglycerol; (2) replenishes tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates destined for mitochondria; and (3) contributes to the synthesis of polyamines. We critically evaluate molecular mechanisms underlying the essential role of peroxisomally produced and metabolized biomolecules in governing cellular aging in yeast.

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Abbreviations

ATG:

Autophagy-related genes

CR:

Caloric restriction

DAG:

Diacylglycerol

ER:

Endoplasmic reticulum

FA:

Fatty acids

ODC:

Ornithine decarboxylase

PTS1:

Peroxisomal targeting signal type 1

PTS2:

Peroxisomal targeting signal type 2

RNS:

Reactive nitrogen species

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

RTG:

Retrograde signaling pathway

TAG:

Triacylglycerols

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street, West, SP Building, Montreal, Quebec, H4B 1R6, Canada

    Adam Beach & Vladimir I. Titorenko

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  1. Adam Beach
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  2. Vladimir I. Titorenko
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Correspondence to Adam Beach or Vladimir I. Titorenko .

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  1. , Depto. Bioquímica, Biología Celular y, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, Granada, 18008, Spain

    Luis A. del Río

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Beach, A., Titorenko, V.I. (2013). Essential Roles of Peroxisomally Produced and Metabolized Biomolecules in Regulating Yeast Longevity. In: del Río, L. (eds) Peroxisomes and their Key Role in Cellular Signaling and Metabolism. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 69. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6889-5_9

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