Abstract
This introductory chapter discusses key issues related to aspects of hazards and risks of natural processes in Mountain area's and discusses the framework of risk governance, which aims to integrate these elements.
Hazard assessment intends to make an estimate of the spatial and temporal occurrence and magnitude of dangerous natural processes. The chapter describes different methods to assess hazard in a qualitative and quantitative way including all kind of data driven statistically approaches and the use of coupled hydro mechanical deterministic models.
Since statistical approaches, will meet difficulties in future predictions in case of changes of the environmental factors, like land use and climate, special attention is given to the use of physical deterministic models which makes it possible in theory to do predictions about hazard without historical data sets.
An overview is given of the different approaches to come to a final risk assessment. For a risk assessment information on temporal, spatial and intensity probabilities of the endangering processes is required as well as an identification of the vulnerability of the society for the impact of these processes. Vulnerability assessment, which forms a key element in these procedures still knows a lot of difficulties.
Current research on natural risks is fragmented and isolated with natural sciences and engineering disciplines on the one hand and societal sciences on the other hand. The complex, socio-political nature of risk calls for an integrated approach. A discussion is presented about the concept of risk governance, which tries to combine all the physical, technical, socio-economic and political aspects to take the right decisions for a safe and sustainable society.
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- IUGS:
-
International Union of Geological Sciences
- GIS:
-
Geographical Information Systems
- ALARP:
-
As Low As Reasonably Practicable
- EIA:
-
Environmental Impact Assessments
- EWS:
-
Early Warning Systems
- DEM’s:
-
Digital Elevation Models
- LIDAR:
-
LIght Detection And Ranging
- F-N curves:
-
Frequency vs. Number of fatality’ graphs
- UN:
-
United Nations
- UN-ISDR:
-
United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction
- EC:
-
European Commission
- IRGC:
-
International Risk Governance Council
- RG:
-
Risk Governance
- RA:
-
Risk Assessment
- RM:
-
Risk Management
- RC:
-
Risk Communication
- MORLE:
-
Multiple Occurrence Regional Landslide Events
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Greiving, S., van Westen, C., Corominas, J., Glade, T., Malet, JP., van Asch, T. (2014). Introduction: The components of Risk Governance. In: Van Asch, T., Corominas, J., Greiving, S., Malet, JP., Sterlacchini, S. (eds) Mountain Risks: From Prediction to Management and Governance. Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research, vol 34. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6769-0_1
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