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Encyclopedia of Aquatic Ecotoxicology pp 363–376Cite as

Ecotoxicological Risk Assessment and Management of Tire Wear Particles

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Definition

Tire wear consists of rubber particles of various sizes and chemical composition. Ingredients of rubber formulas include synthetic and natural rubber (40–40%), carbon black (20–35%), mineral oils (15–20%), sulfur (1%), zinc oxide (1.5%), stearic acid (1%), sulfenamides or thiazoles (0.5%), and various processing aids (<1%).

The predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) of tire wear particles in surface waters range from 0.03 to 56 mg l−1, and the PECs in sediments range from 0.3 to 155 g kg−1 d.w. The upper range for PEC/PNEC ratios has been estimated to be >1 both for water and sediment, meaning that tire wear particles present potential risks for aquatic organisms.

The toxicity of tire wear particles to aquatic organisms varies among brands of tires, and the environmental fate depends on road runoff treatment systems. Therefore, environmental risk management should be directed toward development and production of more environmentally friendly tires and improved road...

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, Göteborg, SE 405 30, Sweden

    Göran Dave

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  1. Göran Dave
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Correspondence to Göran Dave .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), Université de Lorraine, Metz, France

    Jean-François Férard

  2. Aquatic Ecosystem Protection Research Division, Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada

    Christian Blaise

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Dave, G. (2013). Ecotoxicological Risk Assessment and Management of Tire Wear Particles. In: Férard, JF., Blaise, C. (eds) Encyclopedia of Aquatic Ecotoxicology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5704-2_35

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