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Chromatin Assembly and Signalling the End of DNA Repair Requires Acetylation of Histone H3 on Lysine 56

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Genome Stability and Human Diseases

Part of the book series: Subcellular Biochemistry ((SCBI,volume 50))

Abstract

The packaging of DNA into chromatin results in a barrier to all DNA transactions. To facilitate transcription, replication and repair histone proteins are frequently post-translational modified. Such covalent additions to histone residues can modulate chromatin folding and/or provide specificity to docking surfaces for non-histone chromatin proteins. In the budding yeast, one such modification, transient acetylation of histone H3 on residue lysine 56 (H3K56ac); occurs on newly synthesized H3 molecules and facilitates their deposition onto newly replicated DNA during S phase. H3K56ac also has a role in chromatin reassembly following DNA damage in S phase. Importantly, the completion of H3K56ac-dependent chromatin reassembly appears to be required for resumption of cell proliferation after DNA repair. Emerging evidence, although not without conflict, suggests that H3K56ac is not only present in human cells, but is similarly regulated and required for chromatin reassembly.

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Abbreviations

Asf1:

Anti-Silencing Function 1

CAF-1:

Chromatin Assembly Factor 1

CBP/p300:

CREB Binding Protein/ Histone acetyltransferase p300

CPT:

Camptothecin

DDR:

DNA Damage Response

DSB:

Double Strand Break

FACT:

Facilitates Chromatin Transcription

HAT:

Histone Acetyltransferase

HDAC:

Distone Deacetylase

Hst3/Hst4:

Homologue of Sir2 3/4

MMS:

Methyl Methane-sulfonate

PH:

Pleckstrin Homology

Pob3:

Pol1 Binding 3

Rtt109/Rtt106:

Regulator of Ty1 Transposition 109/106

Sir2:

Silent mating type Information Regulation 2

Top1:

Topoisomerase 1

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Acknowledgements

We thank members of the Centre for Chromosome Biology, particularly Andrew Flaus, for their helpful input. TC has received support from the Irish Research Council for Science and Engineering Technology (IRCSET) and Cancer Research Ireland (CRI, grant CR105GRE). Work in the Lowndes’ laboratory is supported by an European Union Sixth Framework Programme Integrated project, “DNA Repair,” contract number 512113 and Science Foundation Ireland Principal Investigator (SFI-PI) Award, 07/IN1/B958.

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  1. Centre for Chromosome Biology, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland, University Rd, Galway, Ireland

    Thomas Costelloe & Noel F. Lowndes

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  1. Thomas Costelloe
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  2. Noel F. Lowndes
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Correspondence to Noel F. Lowndes .

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  1. Galway, Ireland

    Heinz-Peter Nasheuer

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Costelloe, T., Lowndes, N.F. (2010). Chromatin Assembly and Signalling the End of DNA Repair Requires Acetylation of Histone H3 on Lysine 56. In: Nasheuer, HP. (eds) Genome Stability and Human Diseases. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 50. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3471-7_3

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