Abstract
In vivo nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a noninvasive tool that can detect various molecules at around millimolar concentrations in living human organs. The nuclei of many species of atoms, such as 1H, 7Li, and 31P, have magnetic properties and can be used for in vivo MRS. Because the principles of MRS are complicated and not easily summarized, only a brief introduction is given here. For details, see other review articles (Nasrallah and Pettegrew 1995; Kato et al. in press).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bayer S, Laubenberger J, Haussinger D, Hennig J, Langer M (1996) Correlation of cerebral metabolites with clinical findings in hepatic encephalopathy observed by 1H-MRS (abstract). Proceedings of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine ( ISMRM ), Berkeley, 412
Behar K, Rothman D, Petersen K, Hooten M, Namanworth S, Petroff OAC, Shulman G, White J, Petrakis I, Charney D, Krystal J (1996) Cortical GABA levels are reduced in localized -NMR spectra of alcoholic and hepatic encephalopathy patients. Proceedings of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Berkeley, 408
Bostwick JR, Landers DW, Craford G, Lau K, Appel SH (1989) Purification and characterization of a central cholinergic enhancing factor from rat brain: its identity as phosphoethanolamine. J Neurochem 53: 448–458
Bruhn H, Stoppe G, Staedt J, Merboldt KD, Hanicke W, Frahm J (1993) Quantitative proton MRS in vivo shows cerebral myo-inositol and cholines to be unchanged in manic-depressive patients treated with lithium (abstract). Proceedings of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Berkeley, 1543
Cerdan S, Hansen CA, Johannsen R, Inubushi T, Williamson JR (1986) Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analysis of myo-inositol phosphates including inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate. J Biol Chem 261: 14676–14680
Charles HC, Lazeyras F, Krishnan KRR, Boyko OB, Payne M, Moore D (1994) Brain choline in depression: in vivo detection of potential pharmacodynamic effects of antidepressant therapy using hydrogen localized spectroscopy. Prog Neuro- Psychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 18: 1121–1127
Chiu TM, Woods BT (1995) MRS and levels of free fatty acid in brain after electrocon-vulsive therapy. In: Nasallah HA, Pettegrew JW (eds) NMR spectroscopy in psychiatric brain disorders. American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC, pp 235–252
Christensen JD, Renshaw PF, Stoll AL, Lafer B, Fava M (1994) 31P-spectroscopy of the basal ganglia in major depression (abstract). Proceedings of Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Berkeley, 608
Cohen BM, Renshaw PF, Stoll AL, Wortman RJ, Yorgelun-Todd D, Babb SM (1995) Decreased brain choline uptake in older adults. An in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. JAMA 274: 902–907
Crozier S, Brereton IM, Rose SE, Field J, Shannon GF, Doddrell DM (1990) Application of volume-selected, two-dimensional multiple-quantum editing in vivo to observe cerebral metabolities. Magn Reson Med 16: 496–502
Degani H, DeJordy JO, Salomon Y (1991) Stimulation of cAMP and phos- phomonoester production by melanotropin in melanoma cells: 31P-NMR studies. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88: 1506–1510
Djuricic B, Olson SR, Assaf HM, Whittingham TS, Lust WD, Drewes LR (1991) Formation of free choline in brain tissue during in vitro energy deprivation. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 11: 308–313
El-Mallakh RS (1996) Lithium. Actions and mechanisms. American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC
Felber SR, Pycha R, Hummer M, Aichner FT, Fleischhacker WW (1993) Localized proton and phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy following electroconvulsive therapy. Biol Psychiatry 33: 651–654
Inubushi T, Morikawa S, Kito K, Arai T (1993) -detected in vivo 13C-NMR spectroscopy and imaging at 2T magnetic field: efficient monitoring of 13C-labeled metabolites in the rat brain derived from l-13C-glucose. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 191: 866–872
Kato T, Shioiri T, Takahashi S, Inubushi T (1991) Measurement of phosphoinositide metabolism in bipolar patients using in vivo 31P-MRS. J Affect Disord 22: 185–190
Kato T, Takahashi S, Inubushi T (1992) Brain lithium concentrations by 7Li and *H magnetic resonance spectroscopy in bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 45: 53–63
Kato T, Takahashi S, Shioiri T, Inubushi T (1993) Alterations in brain phosphorus metabolism in bipolar disorder detected by in vivo 31P and 7Li magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J Affect Disord 27: 53–60
Kato T, Takahashi S, Inubushi T (1994) Brain lithium concentration measured with lithium-7 magnetic resonance spectroscopy: A review. Lithium 5: 75–81
Kato T, Shioiri T, Murashita J, Hamakawa H, Takahashi Y, Inubushi T, Takahashi S (1995) Lateralized abnormality of high energy phosphate and bilateral reduction of phosphomonoester measured by 31P-MRS of the frontal lobes in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 61: 151–160
Kato T, Murashita J, Shioiri T, Hamakawa H, Inubushi T (1996a) Effect of photic stimulation on energy metabolism in the human brain measured by 31P-MR spectroscopy. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 8: 417–422
Kato T, Hamakawa H, Shioiri T, Murashita J, Takahashi Y, Takahashi S, Inubushi T (1996b) Choline-containing compounds detected by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the basal ganglia in bipolar disorder. J Psychiatry Neurosci 21:248–254
Kato T, Inubushi T, Kato N (in press) Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in affective disorders. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci
Keshavan MS, Pettegrew JW, Panchlingam K (1995) MRS in the study of psychoses: psychopharmacological studies. In: Nasrallah HA, Pettegrew JW (eds) NMR spectroscopy in psychiatric brain disorders. American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC, pp 131–146
Kleis R, Ross BD, Farrow NA, Ackerman Z (1992) Metabolic disorders of the brain in chronic hepatic encephalopathy detected with H-l MR spectroscopy. Radiology 182: 19–27
Li SJ, Prost RW, Tan SG, Charles HC (1993) The decrease in phosphodiesters during photic stimulation in human primary visual cortex. Proceedings of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 65
Mikuni M, Kusumi I, Kagaya A, Kuroda Y, Mori H, Takahashi K (1991) Increased 5HT-2 receptor function as measured by serotonin-stimulated phosphoinositide hydrolysis in platelets of depressed patients. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 15: 49–61
Moore CM, Christensen JD, Lafer B, Fava M, Renshaw PF (1997) Lower levels of nucleoside triphosphate in the basal ganglia of depressed subjects: a phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Am J Psychiatry 154: 116–118
Nasrallah HA, Pettegrew JW (eds) (1995) NMR spectroscopy in psychiatric brain disorders. American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC
Petroff OAC, Rothman DL, Behar KL, Mattson RH (1995) Initial observations on effect of vigabatrin on in vivo H spectroscopic measurements of y-aminobutyric acid, glutamate, glutamine in human brain. Epilepsia 36: 457–464
Pianet I, Canioni P, Labouesse J, Merle M (1992) p-Adrenergic stimulation of C6 glioma cells: effects of cAMP overproduction on cellular metabolites. A multi- nuclear NMR study. Eur J Biochem 209: 707–715
Podo F, Carpinelli G, DiVito M, Giannini M, Proietti E, Fiers W, Gresser L, Belardelli F (1987) Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of tumor necrosis factor-induced alterations of phospholipid metabolites and pH in Friend leukemia cell tumors and fibrosarcomas in mice. Cancer Res 47: 6481–6489
Preece NE, Gadian DG, Houseman J, Williams SR (1992) Lithium-induced modulation of cerebral inositol phosphate metabolism in the rat. A multinuclear magnetic resonance study in vivo. Lithium 3: 287–297
Prichard JW, Petroff OAC, Ogino T, Shulman RG (1987) Cerebral lactate elevation by electroshock: a H magnetic resonance study. Ann NY Acad Sci 508: 54–63
Prost RW, Mark L, Mewissen M, Li SJ (1997) Detection of glutamate/glutamine resonances by *H magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 0.5 Tesla. Magn Reson Med 37: 615–618
Renshaw PF, Summers JJ, Renshaw CE, Hines KG, Leigh JS Jr (1986) Changes in the P-31 NMR spectra of cats receiving lithium chloride systemically. Biol Psychiatry 21: 694–698
Renshaw PF, Schnall MD, Leigh JS Jr (1987) In vivo P-31 NMR spectroscopy of agonist-stimulated phosphatidylinositol metabolism in cat brain. Magn Reson Med 4: 221–226
Renshaw PF, Lafer B, Christensen JD, Stoll AL, Rothschild A, Fava M, Rosenbaum JF, Cohen BM (1994) Proton MRS of the basal ganglia in major depression (ab-stract). Biol Psychiatry 35: 685
Sappey-Marinier D, Calabrese G, Fein G, Hugg JW, Biggins C, Weiner MW (1992a) Effect of photic stimulation on human visual cortex lactate and phosphates using *H and 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 12: 584–592
Sappey-Marinier D, Calabrese G, Hetherington HP, Fisher SN, Deicken R, VanDyke C, Fein G, Weiner MW (1992b) Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of human brain: applications to normal white matter, chronic infarction, and MR imaging white matter signal hyperintensities. Magn Reson Med 26: 313–327
Silverstone PH, Hanstock CC, Fabian J, Staab R, Allen PS (1996) Chronic lithium does not alter human myo-inositol or phosphomonoester concentrations as measured by 1H- and 31P-MRS. Biol Psychiatry 40: 235–246
Soares JC, Mallinger AG (1996) Abnormal phosphatidylinositol ( Pl)-signaling in bipolar disorder. Biol Psychiatry 39: 461–462
Stanley JA, Drost DJ, Williamson PC, Carr TJ (1995) In vivo proton MRS study of glutamate and schizophrenia. In: Nasrallah HA, Pettegrew JW (eds) NMR spectros-copy in psychiatric brain disorders. American Psychiatric Press, Washington DC, pp 21–44
Stoll AL, Sachs GS, Cohen BM, Lafer B, Christensen JD, Renshaw PF (1996) Choline in the treatment of rapid-cycling bipolar disorder: clinical and neurochemical findings in lithium-treated patients. Biol Psychiatry 40: 382–388
Woods BT, Chiu TM (1990) In vivo H spectroscopy of the human brain following electroconvulsive therapy. Ann Neurol 28: 745–749
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1998 Springer-Verlag Tokyo
About this paper
Cite this paper
Kato, T. (1998). In Vivo Investigations of Signal-Transduction Systems in Affective Disorders by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. In: Ozawa, H., Saito, T., Takahata, N. (eds) Signal Transduction in Affective Disorders. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68479-4_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68479-4_10
Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo
Print ISBN: 978-4-431-68481-7
Online ISBN: 978-4-431-68479-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive