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The Role of Nitric Oxide Donors in Treating Cerebral Vasospasm After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

  • Conference paper
Book cover Early Brain Injury or Cerebral Vasospasm

Part of the book series: Acta Neurochirurgica Supplements ((NEUROCHIRURGICA,volume 110/1))

Abstract

Reduced intra- and perivascular availability of nitric oxide (NO) significantly contributes to the multifactorial pathophysiology of cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The short half-life of NO demands its therapeutic substitution via NO donors. Classic NO donors such as sodium nitroprusside and nitroglycerin cannot be used as routine therapeutics because of serious side effects. Thus, a new generation of NO donors has been the subject of experimental investigations to avoid the drawbacks of the classic drugs. The purpose of this paper is to review the characteristics of different NO donors with regard to their promise and potential consequences in treating cerebral vasospasm. Additional novel concepts to increase NO concentrations, such as the activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), are discussed.

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Acknowledgements

Dr. Ali Reza Fathi was supported by a grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation (PBSKP3-123454). This research was partially supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke at the NIH.

Conflict of interest statement We declare that we have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bldg 10, Room 3D20, SNB/NINDS/NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Ali R. Fathi, Kamran D. Bakhtian & Ryszard M. Pluta

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, Kantonsspital Aarau AG, Aarau, Switzerland

    Ali R. Fathi

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  1. Ali R. Fathi
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  2. Kamran D. Bakhtian
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  3. Ryszard M. Pluta
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Correspondence to Ryszard M. Pluta .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan 30, Chongqing, 400038, China

    H.-J. Steiger  & Hua Feng  & 

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Ying Mao

  3. Departments of Physiology and Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Risley Hall, Room 223, 92354, Loma Linda, California, USA

    John H. Zhang

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Fathi, A.R., Bakhtian, K.D., Pluta, R.M. (2011). The Role of Nitric Oxide Donors in Treating Cerebral Vasospasm After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. In: Feng, H., Mao, Y., Zhang, J.H. (eds) Early Brain Injury or Cerebral Vasospasm. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplements, vol 110/1. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0353-1_17

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0353-1_17

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-7091-0352-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-0353-1

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