Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) genes have many of the characteristics of PAIs but also differ in significant ways. Lipopolysaccharide differs from the products of most PAI genes in that it is an essential component of the cell, and mutants totally lacking LPS are not found. However parts of the molecule such as the O antigen are not essential for growth in laboratory media, but in general are required for survival in the natural environment. For example, in many pathogens complete LPS is required for survival in the host, and in this these discretionary components do resemble the products of PAI genes. Many of the genes for these discretionary components occur in discrete clusters and these gene clusters share many properties with PAIs.
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Reeves, P.P., Wang, L. (2002). Genomic Organization of LPS-Specific Loci. In: Hacker, J., Kaper, J.B. (eds) Pathogenicity Islands and the Evolution of Pathogenic Microbes. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 264/1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09217-0_7
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