Abstract
The immune system has evolued to recognize and respond to foreign substances that are often associated with pathogenic agents. This response, if successful, leads to the elimination of the foreign substance and thus removes the associated pathogen from the body. The immune response consists of the expansion and differentiation of cells bearing clonally expressed surface receptors capable of binding the foreign substance. This leads to the secretion of specific antibodies and the production of a set of potent polypeptides that regulate the activation, growth, and differentiation of the cells of the immune system. These polypeptides also mediate the inflammatory responses that are elicited as a result of interactions among immunocompetent cells.
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Vitetta, E.S., Paul, W.E. (1990). Role of Lymphokines in the Immune System. In: Sporn, M.B., Roberts, A.B. (eds) Peptide Growth Factors and Their Receptors II. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 95 / 2. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74781-6_14
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