Skip to main content

Abstract

Allium sativum L. (Liliaceae), garlic, is a well known spice and has been used worldwide as a folk medicine for treatment of various infectious diseases; prevention of coronary thrombosis, atherosclerosis, and stroke; and for treatment of hyperlipidemia and vascular disorders. It is included in the appendix of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Cavallito CJ, Buck JS, Suter DM (1944) Allium, the antibacterial principle of Allium sativum. II. Determination of the chemical structure. J Am Chem Soc 66:1952–1954

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Stoll A, Seebeck E (1948) Über Alliin, die genuine Muttersubstanz des Knoblauchöls. 1. Mitteilung über Allium-Substanzen. Helv Chim Acta 31:189–210

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Freeman GG, Whenham RJ (1975) A survey of volatile components of some Allium species in terms of S-alk(en)yl-L-cysteine sulphoxides present as flavour precursors. J Sci Food Agric 26:1869–1886

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Suzuki T, Sugii M, Kakimoto T, Tsuboi N (1961) Isolation of (—)-,S-allyl-L-cysteine from garlic. Chem Pharm Bull 9:251–252

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Brodnitz MH, Pascale JV, van Derslice L (1971) Flavor components of garlic extract. J Agric Food Chem 19:273–275

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Kameoka H, Demizu Y, Iwase Y, Miyazawa M (1978) Structure of cyclic sulfur compounds from Allium genus. Tennen Yuki Kagobutsu Toronkai Koen Yoshihu, 21st, 199–205 (CA 90:69093 h)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Apitz-Castro R, Cabrera S, Cruz MR, Ledezma E, Jain MK (1983) Effects of garlic extract and of three pure components isolated from it on human platelet aggregation, arachidonate metabolism, release reaction and platelet ultrastructure. Thromb Res 32:155–169

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Block E, Ahmad S, Catalfamo JL, Jain MK, Apitz-Castro R (1986) Antithrombotic organosulfur compounds from garlic: structural, mechanistic and synthetic studies. J Am Chem Soc 108:7045–7055

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Bock H, Mohmand S, Hirabayshi T, Semkow A (1982) Gasphasen-Reaktionen. XXX. Thioacrolein: Das stabilste C3H4S-Isomere und seine PE-spektroskopischer Nachweis in der Gasphase. Chem Ber 115:1339–1348

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Vedejs E, Eberlein TH, Varie DL (1982) Dienophilic thioaldehydes. J Am Chem Soc 104:1445–1447

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Beslin P (1983) A facile synthesis of two thioacrolein dimers. A new entry to a flavor component in Asparagus. J Heterocycl Chem 20:1753–1754

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Suzuki T, Sugii M, Kakimoto T (1961) New γ-glutamyl peptides in garlic. Chem Pharm Bull 9:77–78

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Iida H, Hashimoto S, Miyazawa M, Kameoka H (1983) Volatile flavor components of nira (Allium tuberosum Rotti.). J Food Sci 48:660–661

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Chi MS (1982) Effects of garlic products on lipid metabolism in cholesterol-fed rats. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 171:174–178

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Augusti KT (1977) Hypocholesterolemic effect of garlic, Allium sativum Linn. Indian J Exp Biol 15:489–490

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Jain RC (1977) Effect of garlic on serum lipids, coagulability and fibrinolytic activity of blood. Am J Clin Nutr 30:1380–1381

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Bhushan S, Sharma SP, Singh SP, Agrawal S, Indrayan A, Seth P (1979) Effect of garlic on normal blood cholesterol level. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 23:211–214

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Chaudhuri BN, Mukherjee SK, Mongia SS, Chakravaty SK (1984) Hypolipidemic effect of garlic and thyroid function. Biomed Biochim Acta 43:1041–1043

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Jain RC (1978) Effect of alcoholic extract of garlic in atherosclerosis. Am J Clin Nutr 31:1982–1983

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Bordia AK, Joshi HK, Sanadhya YK, Bhu N (1977) Effect of essential oil of garlic on serum fibrinolytic activity in patients with coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 28:155–159

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Mohammad SF, Woodward SC (1986) Characterization of a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation and release reaction isolated from Allium sativum (garlic). Thromb Res 44:793–806

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Boullin DJ (1981) Garlic as a platelet inhibitor. Lancet 1 (8223): 776–777

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Block E, Iyer R, Grisoni S, Saha C, Belman S, Lossing FP (1988) Lipoxygenase inhibitors from the essential oil of garlic. Markovnikov addition of the allyldithio radical to olefins. J Am Chem Soc 110:7813–7827

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Makheja AN, Vanderhoek JY, Bryant RW, Bailey JM (1980) Altered arachidonic acid metabolism in platelets inhibition by onion or garlic extracts. Adv Prostaglandin Thromboxane Res 6:309–312

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Shashikanth KN, Basappa SC, Murthy VS (1985) Allicin concentration in the gut of rats and its influence on the microflora. J Food Sci Technol 22:440–442

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Barone FE, Tansey MR (1977) Isolation, purification, identification, synthesis and kinetics of activity of the anticandidal component of Allium sativum and a hypothesis for its mode of action. Mycologia 69:793–825

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Yoshida S, Kasuga S, Hayashi N, Ushiroguchi T, Matsuura H, Nakagawa S (1987) Antifungal activity of ajoene derived from garlic. Appl Environ Microbiol 53:615–617

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Tsai Y, Cole LL, Davis LE, Lockwood SJ, Simmons V, Wild GC (1985) Antiviral properties of garlic: in vitro effects on influenza B, herpes simplex and Coxsackie viruses. Planta Med 51:460–461

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Nakata T (1973) Effect of fresh garlic extract on tumor growth. Nippon Eiseigaku Zasshi 27:538–543 (CA 79:111680x)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Cheng HH, Tung TC (1981) Effect of allithiamine on sarcoma-180 tumor growth in mice. Taiwan I Hsueh Hui Isa Chih 80:385–393

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. De Martin R, Knasmueller S, Weniger P (1986) Antimutagen effect of garlic extract in the Ames assay. Oesterreichisches Forschungszentrum, Seibersdorf (Ber) OEFZS-4354 (CA 104:223865c)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Nishino H, Iwashima A, Itakura Y, Matsuura H, Fuwa T (1989) Antitumor-promoting activity of garlic extracts. Oncology 46:277–280

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Augusti KT (1975) Studies on the effect of allicin (diallyl disulfide oxide) on alloxan diabetes. Experientia 31:1263–1265

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Mathew PT, Augusti KT (1973) Effect of allicin (diallyl disulfide oxide) on alloxan diabetes. I. Hypoglycemic action and enhancement of serum insulin effect and glycogen synthesis. Indian J Biochem Biophys 10:209–212

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Wang ZH, Hong XK, Qian WJ, Hu CX, Wang YR (1988) Serum concentration, tissue distribution and bioavailability of allicin in rabbits by GC analysis. Chin Trad Herb Drugs 19:540–541

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1992 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Tang, W., Eisenbrand, G. (1992). Allium sativum L.. In: Chinese Drugs of Plant Origin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73739-8_11

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73739-8_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-73741-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-73739-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics