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Pharmacology of the Eye pp 553–583Cite as

Chemotherapy of Ocular Viral Infections and Tumors

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Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 69))

Abstract

This review will focus on drugs useful in the chemotherapy of ocular viral infections. Three drugs now approved for the treatment of herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis, iododeoxyuridine (IdUrd), adenine arabinoside (ara-A), and trifluorothymidine (CF3dUrd), will be discussed. In addition, several agents now under development, acycloguanosine (acyclovir), ethyldeoxyuridine (EtdUrd), bromovinyldeoxyuridine (BVdUrd), 1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-βarabinosyl)-5-iodo-cytosine (FIAC), 5-iodo-5′-amino-2′,5′-dideoxyuridine (AIdUrd), and the phos-phonates will be reviewed. Each of these compounds was chosen for a particular reason. Acyclovir is a highly unusual acyclic guanosine derivative and is a most promising antiviral agent. Bromovinyldeoxyuridine, EtdUrd, and FIAC represent new pyrimidine derivatives which possess higher degrees of antiviral selectivity than the two thymidine analogs now available (CF3dUrd, IdUrd). 5-Iodo-5′-amino-2′,5′-dideoxyuridine is a novel amino nucleoside that is activated only in herpes-infected cells. The phosphonates, in contrast, are not nucleosides, neither are they metabolized, and they represent inhibitors of the virally induced DNA polymerases. Such highly specific chemotherapy is not available for the treatment of ocular tumors and this topic will be only briefly discussed.

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Authors
  1. P. H. Fischer
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  2. W. H. Prusoff
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  1. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA

    Marvin L. Sears

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Fischer, P.H., Prusoff, W.H. (1984). Chemotherapy of Ocular Viral Infections and Tumors. In: Sears, M.L. (eds) Pharmacology of the Eye. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 69. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69222-2_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69222-2_13

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