Skip to main content

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 241))

Abstract

In the world of modern medicine it is rare that the understanding of a previously described clinical disease is so completely revolutionized that clinical textbooks must be rewritten. This, however, has been the outcome of the isolation ofHelicobacter pylori from the human stomach. Only 15 years after its initial isolation, this bacterium has been proven to be the etiological agent of acute on chronic gastritis, and a predisposing factor in peptic ulcer disease, gastric carcinoma and B cell mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma (Graham et al. 1992; IARC 1994; Marshall et al. 1985; Parsonnet et al. 1994).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • al Moagel MA, Evans DG, Abdulghani ME, Adam E, Evans DJJ, Malaty HM, Graham DY (1990) Prevalence of Helicobacter (formerly Campylobacter) pylori infection in Saudi Arabia, and comparison of those with and without upper gastrointestinal symptoms. Am J Gastroenterol 85:944–948.

    Google Scholar 

  • Albenque M, Tall F, Dabis F, Mégraud F (1990) Epidemiological study of Helicobacter pylori transmission from mother to child in Africa. Enferm Digest 78:48.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ansorg R, Vonheinegg EH, Vonrecklinghausen G (1995) Cat owners risk of acquiring a Helicobacter pylori infection. Zentralb Bakteriol (Int J Med Microbiol Vir Parasitol Infect Dis 283:122 126.

    Google Scholar 

  • Asaka M, Kimura T, Kudo M (1992) Relationship of Helicobacter pylori to serum pepsinogens in an asymptomatic Japanese population. Gastroenterology 102:760–766 Axon ATR (1995) Review article- is Helicobacter pylori transmitted by the gastro-oral route. Aliment Pharmacol Therapeut 9:585–588.

    Google Scholar 

  • Banatvala N, Mayo K, Megraud F, Jennings R, Deeks JJ, Feldman RA (1993) The cohort effect and Helicobacter pylori. J Infect Dis 168:219–221.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Banatvala N, Lopez CR, Owen RJ, Hurtado A, Abdi Y, Davies GR, Hardie JM, Feldman RA (1994) Use of the polymerase chain reaction to detect Helicobacter pylori in the dental plaque of healthy and symptomatic individuals. Microb Ecol Health Dis 7:1–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Banatvala N, Abdi Y, Clements L, Herbert A, Davies J, Bragg J, Shepherd JP, Feldman RA, Hardie JM (1995) Helicobacter pylori infection in dentists: a case-control study. Scand J Infect Dis 7:.

    Google Scholar 

  • Basso L, Beattie S, Lawlor S, Clune J, O’Morain C (1994) A descriptive follow-up study on Helicobacter pylori infection before and after exposition to a war area. Eur J Epidemiol 10:109–111.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bell GD, Powell KU (1996) Helicobacter pylori reinfection after apparent eradication the Ipswich experience. Scand J Gastroenterol 31 [Suppl 215]:96–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berkowicz J, Lee A (1987) Person-to-person transmission of Campylobacter pylori. Lancet 2:680–681.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bickley J, Owen RJ, Eraser AG, Pounder RE (1993) Evaluation of the polymerase chain reaction for detecting the urease c gene of Helicobacter pylori in gastric biopsy samples and dental plaque. J Med Microbiol 39:338–344.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blaser MJ, Perez Perez Gl, Kleanthous H, Cover TL, Peek RM, Chyou PH, Slemmermann GN, Nomura A (1995) Infection with Helicobacter pylori strains possessing cagA is associated with an increased risk of developing adenocarcinoma of the stomach. Cancer Res 55:2111–2115.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Borody TJ, Andrews P, Mancuso N, Mccauley D, Jankiewicz E, Ferch N, Shortis NP, Brandl S (1994) Helicobacter pylori reinfection rate, in patients with cured duodenal ulcer. Am J Gastroenterol 89:529–532.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Breuer T, Sudhop T, Hoch J, Sauerbruch T, Malfertheiner P (1996) Prevalence of and risk factors for Helicobacter pylori infection in the western part of Germany. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 8:47–52.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cammarota G, Tursi A, Montalto M, Papa A, Veneto G, Bernardi S, Boari A, Colizzi V, Fedeli G, Gasbarrini, G (1996) Role of dental plaque in the transmission of Helicobacter pylori infection. J Clin Gastroenterol 22:174–177.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cellini L, Allocati N, Piattelli A, Petrelli I, Fanci P, Dainelli B (1995) Microbiological evidence of Helicobacter pylori from dental plaque in dyspeptic patients. Microbiologica 18:187–192.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Censini S, Lange C, Xiang ZY, Crabtree JE, Ghiara P, Borodovsky M, Rappuoli R, Covacci A (1996) Cag, a pathogenicity island of Helicobacter pylori, encodes type I-specific and disease-associated virulence factors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:14648 14653.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chow T, Lambert JR, Wahlqvist ML, Hsuhage B (1995) Helicobacter pylori in Melbourne Chinese immigrants evidence for oral-oral transmission via chopsticks. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 10:562–569.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Covacci A, Censini S, Bugnoli M, Petracca R, Burroni D, Macchia G, Massone A, Papini E, Xiang ZY, Figura N, Rappuoli R (1993) Molecular characterization of the 128-kDa immunodominant antigen of Helicobacter pylori associated with cytotoxicity and duodenal ulcer. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90:5791–5795.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cover TL, Dooley CP, Blaser MJ (1990) Characterization of and human serologic response to proteins in Helicobacter pylori broth culture supernatants with vacuolizing cytotoxin activity. Infect Immun 58:603–610.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cover TL, Glupczynski Y, Lage AP, Burette A, Tummuru MKR, Perez Perez Gl, Blaser MJ (1995) Serologic detection of infection with cagA(+) Helicobacter pylori strains. J Clin Microbiol 33:1496–1500.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crabtree JE, Wyatt JI, Sobala GM, Miller G, Tompkins DS, Primrose JN, Morgan AG (1993) Systemic and mucosal humoral responses to Helicobacter pylori in gastric cancer. Gut 34:1339–1343.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cullen DJE, Collins BJ, Christiansen KJ, Epis J, Warren JR, Surveyor I, Cullen KJ (1993) When is Helicobacter pylori infection acquired? Gut 34:1681–1682.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Delaney BC, Hobbs F, Holder R (1996) Association of Helicobacter pylori infection with coronary heart disease-eradication of the infection on grounds of cardiovascular risk is not supported by current evidence. Br Med J 312:251–252.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Desai HG, Gill HH, Shankaran K, Mehta PR, Prabhu SR (1991) Dental plaque: a permanent reservoir of Helicobacter pylori. Scand J Gastroenterol 26:1205–1208.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Drumm B, Perez PGI, Blaser MJ, Sherman PM (1990) Intrafamilial clustering of Helicobacter pylori infection. N Engl J Med 322:359–363.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dubois A, Fiala N, Hemanackah LM, Drazek ES, Tarnawski A, Fishbein WN, Perez Perez Gl, Blaser MJ (1994) Natural gastric infection with Helicobacter pylori in monkeys: a model for spiral bacteria infection in humans. Gastroenterology 106:1405–1417.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dye KR, Marshall BJ, Frierson Jr HF, Pambianco DJ, McCallum RW (1990) Campylobacter pylori colonizing heterotopic gastric tissue in the rectum. Am J Clin Pathol 93:144–147.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eaton KA, Morgan DR, Krakowka S (1990) Persistence of Helicobacter pylori in conventionalized piglets. J Infect Dis 161:1299–1301.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Engstrand L, Gustavsson S, Jorgensen A, Schwan A, Scheynius A (1990) Inoculation of barrier-born pigs with Helicobacter pylori: a useful animal model for gastritis type B. Infect Immun 58:1763–1768.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eurogast Study (1993) Epidemiology of, and risk factors for, Helicobacter pylori infection among 3194 asymptomatic subjects in 17 populations. Gut 34:1672–1676.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson DA, Chuanfu L, Patel NR, Mayberry WR, Chi DS, Thomas E (1993) Isolation of Helicobacter pylori from saliva. J Clin Microbiol 31:2802–2804.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Figueroa G, Acuna R, Troncoso M, Portell DP, Toledo MS, Albornoz V, Vigneaux J (1996) Low H. pylori reinfection rate after triple therapy in Chilean duodenal ulcer patients. Am J Gastroenterol 91:1395–1399.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fox JG (1994) In vivo models of gastric Helicobacter infection. In: Hunt RH, Tytgat GNJ (eds) Helicobacter pylori: Basic mechanisms to clinical cure. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, pp 3 27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fox JG (1995) Non-human reservoirs of Helicobacter pylori. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 9 [Suppl 2]:93 103.

    Google Scholar 

  • Georgopoulos SD, Mentis AF, Spiliadis CA, Tzouvelekis LS, Tzelepi E, Moshopoulos A, Skandalis N (1996) Helicobacter pylori infection in spouses of patients with duodenal ulcers and comparison of ribosomal RNA gene patterns. Gut 39:634–638.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goh KL, Navaratnam P, Peh SC (1996) Reinfection and duodenal ulcer relapse in south-east Asian patients following successful Helicobacter pylori eradication results of a 2-year follow-up. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 8:1157–1160.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Graham DY, Alpert LC, Smith JL, Yoshimura HH (1988) Iatrogenic Campylobacter pylori infection is a cause of epidemic achlorhydria. Am J Gastroenterol 83:974–980.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Graham DY, Malaty HM, Evans DG, Evans DJJ, Klein PD, Adam E (1991a) Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori in an asymptomatic population in the United States. Effect of age, race, and socioeconomic status. Gastroenterology 100:1495 1501.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graham DY, Adam E, Reddy GT, Agarwal JP, Agarwal R, Evans DJ, Malaty HM, Evans DG (1991b) Seroepidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection in India. Comparison of developing and developed countries. Dig Dis Sci 36:1084 1088.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graham DY, Lew GM, Klein PD, Evans DG, Evans DJ, Saeed ZA, Malaty HM (1992) Effect of treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection on the long-term recurrence of gastric or duodenal ulcer, a randomized, controlled study. Ann Intern Med 116:705–708.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Graham DY, Genta RM, Graham DP, Crabtree JE (1996) Serum cagA antibodies in asymptomatic subjects and patients with peptic ulcer lack of correlation of IgG antibody in patients with peptic ulcer or asymptomatic Helicobacter pylori gastritis. J Clin Pathol 49:829–832.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grasso GM, Ripabelli G, Sammarco ML, Ruberto A, Iannitto G (1996) Prevalence of Helicobacter-like organisms in porcine gastric mucosa a study of swine slaughtered in Italy. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 19:213–217.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Handt LK, Fox JG, Dewhirst FE, Fraser GJ, Paster BJ, Yan LL, Rozmiarek H, Rufo R, Stalis IH (1994) Helicobacter pylori isolated from the domestic cat: public health implications. Infect Immun 62:2367–2374.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Handt LK, Fox JG, Stalis IH, Rufo R, Lee G, Linn J, Li XT, Kleanthous H (1995) Characterization of feline Helicobacter pylori strains and associated gastritis in a colony of domestic cats. J Clin Microbiol 33:2280–2289.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Handt LK, Fox JG, Yan LL, Shen Z, Pouch WJ, Ngai D, Motzei SL, Nolan TE, Klein HJ (1997) Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in a colony of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). J Clin Microbiol 35:165–168.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hazell SL, Mitchell HM, Hedges M, Shi X, Hu PJ, Li YY, Lee A, Reisslevy E (1994) Hepatitis A and evidence against the community dissemination of Helicobacter pylori via feces. J Infect Dis 170:686–689.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heilmann KL, Borchard F (1991) Gastritis due to spiral shaped bacteria other than Helicobacter pylori: clinical, histological, and ultrastructural findings. Gut 32:137–140.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hirschl AM, Richter M, Makristathis A, Pruckl PM, Willinger B, Schutze K, Rotter ML (1994) Single and multiple strain colonization in patients with Helicobacter pyroli-associated gastritis: detection by macrorestriction DNA analysis. J Infect Dis 170:473–475.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hopkins RJ, Vial PA, Ferreccio C, Ovalle J, Prado P, Sotomayor V, Russell RG, Wasserman SS, Morris J (1993) Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori in Chile vegetables may serve as one route of transmission. J Infect Dis 168:222–226.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hulten K, Han SW, Enroth H, Klein PD, Opekun AR, Gilman RH, Evans DG, Engstrand L, Graham DY, Elzaatari F (1996) Helicobacter pylori in the drinking water in Peru. Gastroenterology 1 10:1031–1035.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • IARC (1994) IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. World Health Organisation, Lyon, pp 177–240.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones DM, Eldridge J, Fox AJ, Sethi P, Whorwell PJ (1986) Antibody to the gastric Campylobacter-like organism (“Campylobacter pyloridis”) clinical correlations and distribution in the normal population. J Med Microbiol 22:57–62.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jorgensen M, Daskalopoulos G, Warburton V, Mitchell HM, Hazell, SL (1996) Multiple strain colonization and metronidazole resistance in Helicobacter pylori-infected patients identification from sequential and multiple biopsy specimens. J Infect Dis 174:631–635.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kelly SM, Pitcher MCL, Farmery SM, Gibson GR (1994) Isolation of Helicobacter pylori from feces of patients with dyspepsia in the United Kingdom. Gastroenterology 107:167–1674.

    Google Scholar 

  • Klein PD, Graham DY, Gaillour A, Opekun AR, Smith EO (1991) Water source as risk factor for Helicobacter pylori infection in Peruvian children. Gastrointestinal Physiology Working Group. Lancet 337:1503–1506.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Krajden S, Fuksa M, Anderson J, Kempston J, Boccia A, Petrea C, Babida C, Karmali M, Penner JL (1989) Examination of human stomach biopsies, saliva, and dental plaque for Campylobacter pylori. J Clin Microbiol 27:1397–1398.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lage AP, Godfroid E, Fauconnier A, Burette A, Goutier S, Butzler JPAB, Glupzynski Y (1995) Frequency of cagA in Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from Belgian and Moroccan patients. Chit 37:A69.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lambert JR, Lin SK, Sievert W, Nicholson L, Schembri M, Guest C (1995) High prevalence of Helicobacter pylori antibodies in an institutionalized population evidence for person-to-person transmission. Am J Gastroenterol 90:2167–2171.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee A, Hazell SL (1988) Campylobacter pylori in health and disease: An ecological perspective. Microb Eco I Health Dis 1:1 16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee A, Hazell SL, O’Rourke J Kouprach S (1988) Isolation of a spiral-shaped bacterium from the cat stomach. Infect Immun 56:2843–2850.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee A, O’Rourke JL, Kellow JE (1995) Gastrospirillum hominis (“Helicobacter heilmannii”) and other gastric infections in humans. In: Blaser MJ, Smith PD, Ravdin JI, Greenberg HB, Guerrant RL (eds) Infections of the gastrointestinal tract. Raven, New York, pp 589–601.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lin SK, Lambert JR, Schembri MA, Nicholson L, Korman MG (1994) Helicobacter pylori prevalence in endoscopy and medical staff. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 9:319–324.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Louw JA, Lucke W, Jaskiewicz K, Lastovica AJ, Winter TA, Marks IN (1995) Helicobacter pylori eradication in the African setting, with special reference to reinfection and duodenal ulcer recurrence. Gut 36:544–547.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Malaty HM, Evans DJ, Abramovitch K, Evans DG, Graham DY (1992) Helicobacter pylori infection in dental workers: a seroepidemiology study. Am J Gastroenterol 87:1728 1731.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malaty HM, Engstrand L, Pedersen NL, Graham DY (1994) Helicobacter pylori infection: genetic and environmental influences. Ann Intern Med 120:982–986.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Malaty HM, Graham DY (1994) Importance of childhood socioeconomic status on the current prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection. Gut 35:742–745.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Malaty HM, Kim JG, Kim SD, Graham DY (1996) Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Korean children inverse relation to socioeconomic status despite a uniformly high prevalence in adults. Am J Epidemiol 143:257–262.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mapstone NP, Lewis FA, Tompkins DS, Lynch DAF, Axon ATR, Dixon MF, Quirke P (1993a) PCR identification of Helicobacter pylori in faces from gastritis patients. Lancet 341:447.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mapstone NP, Lynch DAF, Lewis FA, Axon ATR, Tompkins DS, Dixon MF, Quirke P (1993b) Identification of Helicobacter pylori DNA in the mouths and stomachs of patients with gastritis using PCR. J Clin Pathol 46:540–543.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marshall BJ, Armstrong JA, McGechie DB, Glancy RJ (1985) Attempt to fulfill Koch’s postulates for pyloric Campylobacter. Med J Aust 142:436–439.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McCallion WA, Murray LJ, Bailie AG, Dalzell AM, Oreilly D, Bam ford KB (1996) Helicobacter pylori infection in children- relation with current household living conditions. Gut 39:18–21.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Megraud F (1995) Transmission of Helicobacter pylori faecal-oral versus oral-oral route. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 9 [Suppl 2]:85 91.

    Google Scholar 

  • Megraud F, Brassens Rabbe MP, Denis F, Belbouri A, Hoa DQ (1989) Seroepidemiology of Campylobacter pylori infection in various populations. J Clin Microbiol 27:1870–1873.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mendall MA, Goggin PM, Molineaux N, Levy J, Toosy T, Strachau D, Northfield TC (1992) Childhood living conditions and Helicobacter pylori seropositivity in adult life. Lancet 339:896–897.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miehlke S, Kim JG, Small SM, Graham DY, Go MF (1995) Lack of association between the presence of the cagA gene in Helicobacter pylori and gastric adenocarcinoma. Gut 37:A77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell HM (1993) The epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection and its relation to gastric cancer. In: Goodwin CS, Wormsley BW (eds) Helicobacter pylori: biology and clinical practice. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 95–114.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell H (1995) Helicobacter pylori infection: a clinical viewpoint. In: Gilbert G (eds) Recent advances in microbiology. Australian Society for Microbiology, Melbourne Mitchell HM, Lee A, Carrick J (1989) Increased incidence of Campylobacter pylori infection in gastroenterologists: further evidence to support person-to-person transmission of C. pylori, Scand J Gastroenterol 24:396–400.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell HM, Li YY, Hu PJ, Liu Q, Chen M, Du GG, Wang ZJ, Lee A, Hazell SL (1992a) Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori in Southern China identification of early childhood as the critical period for acquisition. J Infect Dis 166:149–153.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell JD, Mitchell HM, Tobias V (1992b) Acute Helicobacter pylori infection in an infant, associated with gastric ulceration and serological evidence of intra-familial transmission. Am J Gastroenterol 87:382–386.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell HM, Li Y, Hu P, Hazell SL, Du G, Byrne DJ, Lee A (1992c) The susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori to bile may be an obstacle to faecal transmission. Eur J Gastro Hepatol 4 [Suppl 1]:S79–S83.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell HM, Bohane T, Hawkes RA, Lee A (1993) Helicobacter pylori infection within families. Zen-traini Bakteriol Int J Med Microbiol 280:128–136.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell HM, Hazell SL, Kolesnikow T, Mitchell J, Frommer D (1996a) Antigen recognition during progression from acute to chronic infection with a cagA-positive strain of Helicobacter pylori. Infect Immun 64:1166–1172.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell HM, Hazell SL, Li YY, Hu PJ (1996b) Serological response to specific Helicobacter pylori antigens antibody against cagA antigen is not predictive of gastric cancer in a developing country. Am J Gastroenterol 91:1785–1788.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morris A, Nicholson G, Lloyd G, Haines D, Rogers A, Taylor D (1986) Seroepidemiology of Campylobacter pyloridis. NZ Med J 99:657–659.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murray LJ, Bamford KB, Oreilly D, McCrum EE, Evans AE (1995) Helicobacter pylori infection relation with cardiovascular risk factors, ischaemic heart disease, and social class. Br Heart J 74:497–501.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Namavar F, Roosendaal R, Kuipers EJ, Degroot P, Vanderbijl MW, Pena AS, Degraali J (1995) Presence of Helicobacter pylori in the oral cavity, oesophagus, stomach and faeces of patients with gastritis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 14:234–237.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nguyen AMH, Engstrand L, Genta RM, Graham DY, Elzaatari FAK (1993) Detection of Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Microbiol 31:783–787.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nguyen A, Elzaatari F, Graham DY (1995) Helicobacter pylori in the oral cavity. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endodontics 79:705–709.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Notarnicola M, Russo F, Cavallini A, Bianco M, Jirillo E, Pece S, Leoci, C, Dimatteo G, Dileo A (1996) PCR identification of Helicobacter pylori DNA in faeces from patients with gastroduodenal pathology. Med Sei Res 24:785–787.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parsonnet J, Hansen S, Rodriguez L, Gelb AB, Warnke RA, Jellum E, Orentreich N, Vogelman JH, Friedman GD (1994) Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric lymphoma. N Engl J Med 330:1267–1271.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parsonnet J, Friedman GD, Orentreich N, Vogelman H (1997) Risk for gastric cancer in people with CagA positive or CagA negative Helicobacter pylori infection. Gut 40:297–301.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Patel P, Mendall MA, Khulusi S, Northfield TC, Strachan DP (1994) Helicobacter pylori infection in childhood: Risk factors and effect on growth. Br Med J 309:1119–1123.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Patel P, Mendall MA, Carrington D, Strachan DP, Leatham E, Molineaux N, Levy J, Blakeston C, Seymour CA, Camm AJ, Northield TC (1995) Association of Helicobacter pylori and Chlamydia pneumoniae infections with coronary heart disease and cardiovascular risk factors. Br Med J 311:711–714.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perez Perez GI, Taylor DN, Bodhidatta L, Wongsrichanalai J, Baze W B, Dunn BE, Echeverria PD, Blaser, MJ (1990) Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infections in Thailand. J Infect Dis 161:1237–1241.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perez Perez Gl, Witkin SS, Decker MD, Blaser MJ (1991) Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in couples. J Clin Microbiol 29:642–644.

    Google Scholar 

  • Polish LB, Douglas JMJ, Davidson AJ, Perez Perez, Gl, Blaser MJ (1991) Characterisation of risk actors for Helicobacter pylori infection among men attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic: lack of evidence for sexual transmission. J Clin Microbiol 29:2139–2143.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pounder RE, Ng D (1995) The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in different countries. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 9 [Suppl 2]:33–39.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Raedsch R, Pohl S, Plachky J, Stiehl A, Kommerell B (1989) The growth of Campylobacter pylori is inhibited by intragastric bile acids. In: Megraud F, Lamouliatte H (eds) Gastroduodenal pathology and Campylobacter pylori. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 409–412.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramsey EJ, Carey KV, Peterson W, Jackson JJ, Murphy FK, Read NWT (1979) Epidemic gastritis with hypochlorhydria. Gastroenterology 76:1449–1457.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rathbone B, Martin D, Stephens J, Thompson JR, Samani NJ (1996) Helicobacter pylori seropositivity in subjects with acute myocardial infarction. Heart 76:308–311.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Raymond J, Bergeret M, Benhamou PH, Mensah K, Dupont C (1994) A 2-year study of Helicobacter pylori in children. J Clin Microbiol 32:461–463.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Replogle ML, Kasumi W, Ishikawa KB, Yang SF, Juji T, Miki K, Kabat GC, Parsonnet J (1996) Increased risk of Helicobacter pylori associated with birth in wartime and post-war Japan. Int J Epidemiol 25:210–214.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rocha GA, Queiroz DMM, Mendes EN, Oliveira AMR, Moura SB, Silva RJA (1992) Source of Helicobacter pylori infection: studies in abattoir workers and pigs. Am J Gastroenterol 87:1525.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenstock SJ, Andersen LP, Rosenstock CV, Bonnevie O, Jorgensen T (1996) Socioeconomic factors in Helicobacter pylori infection among Danish adults. Am J Public Health 86:1539–1544.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sandifer QD, Lo SV, Crompton G (1996) Association of Helicobacter pylori infection with coronary heart disease association may not be causal. Br Med J 312:.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schutze K, Hentschel E, Dragosics B, Hirschl AM (1995) Helicobacter pylori reinfection with identical organisms transmission by the patients spouses. Gut 36:831–833.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shames B, Krajden S, Fuksa M, Babida C, Penner JL (1989) Evidence for the occurrence of the same strain of Campylobacter pylori in the stomach and dental plaque. J Clin Microbiol 27:2849–2850.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sitas F, Forman D, Yarnell JW, Burr ML, Elwood PC, Pedley S, Marks KJ (1991) Helicobacter pylori infection rates in relation to age and social class in a population of Welsh men. Gut 32:25–28.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stolte M, Wellens E, Bethke B, Ritter M, Eidt H (1994) Helicobacter heilmannii (formerly Gastrospirillum hominis) gastritis: an infection transmitted by animals? Scand J Gastroenterol 29:1061–1064.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Teh BH, Lin JT, Pan WH, Lin SH, Wang LY, Lee TK, Chen CJ (1994) Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection in Taiwan. Anticancer Res 14:1389–1392.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas JE, Gibson GR, Darboe MK, Dale A, Weaver LT (1992) Isolation of Helicobacter pylori from human faeces. Lancet 340:1194–1195.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tummuru MKR, Cover TL, Blaser MJ (1993) Cloning and expression of a high-molecular-mass major antigen of Helicobacter pylori evidence of linkage to cytotoxin production. Infect Immun 61:1799–1809.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vaira D, D’Anastasio C, Holton J, Dowsett J, Londei M, Salmon P, Gandolli L (1988) Is Campylobacter pylori a zoonosis? Lancet 2:725.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vanzanten SJOV, Pollak PT, Best LM, Bezanson GS, Marrie T (1994) Increasing prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection with age continuous risk of infection in adults rather than cohort effect. J Infect Dis 169:434–437.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Varoli O, Landini MP, LaPlaca M, Tucci A, Corinaldesi R, Paparo GF, Stanghellini V, Barbara L (1991) Presence of Helicobacter pylori in gastric juice. Am J Gastroenterol 86:249.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vincent P, Gottrand F, Pernes P, Husson MO, Lecomtehoucke M, Turck D, Leclere H (1994) High prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in cohabiting children epidemiology of a cluster, with special emphasis on molecular typing. Gut 35:313–316.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Webb PM, Knight T, Greaves S, Wilson A, Newell DG, Elder J, Forman D (1994) Relation between infection with Helicobacter pylori and living conditions in childhood evidence for person to person transmission in early life. Br Med J 308:750–753.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Webb PM, Knight T, Newell DG, Elder JB, Forman D (1996) Helicobacter pylori transmission evidence from a comparison with hepatitis a virus. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 8:439–441.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Whitaker CI, Dubiel AJ, Galpin OP (1993) Social and geographical risk factors in Helicobacter pylori infection. Epidemiol Infect 111:63–70.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Mitchell, H.M. (1999). The Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori . In: Westblom, T.U., Czinn, S.J., Nedrud, J.G. (eds) Gastroduodenal Disease and Helicobacter pylori . Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 241. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60013-5_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60013-5_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-64221-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-60013-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics