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Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2013 pp 807–817Cite as

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Coupled To EEG: A New Tool to Assess Brain Function in Coma

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Part of the book series: Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine ((AUICEM))

Abstract

Over the last decade, there has been a growing interest in the scientific and clinical literature concerning non-communicating patients who survive severe brain injury, referred to as patients with disorders of consciousness [1]. To date, the gold standard to assess the level of consciousness in these patients is behavior. Diagnosis is based on a patient’s responsiveness or lack of response to command. After the comatose phase, during which patients lie with eyes closed and cannot be aroused, some patients regain full consciousness while others progress to a state of preserved wakefulness in the absence of awareness (i. e., vegetative state or unresponsive wakefulness syndrome) [2]. Others show fluctuating signs of awareness, such as visual pursuit, localization to pain or reproducible response to command but they remain unable to communicate consistently; this state is called minimally conscious state [3] and has been recently subcategorized into minimally conscious state plus (presence of response to command, verbalization or intentional communication) and minus (presence of signs of consciousness not related to language processing, such as visual pursuit) [4].

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Acknowledgements

This research was funded by the Belgian National Funds for Scientific Research (FNRS), the European Commission, the James McDonnell Foundation, the Mind Science Foundation, the French Speaking Community Concerted Research Action (ARC-06/11–340), the Fondation Médicale Reine Elisabeth and the University of Liège.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center and Neurology Department, University of Liège and University Hospital of Liège, Sart Tilman B30, Allée du 6 Août 8, 4031, Liège, Belgium

    O. Gosseries, M. Boly & S. Laureys

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  1. O. Gosseries
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  2. M. Boly
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  3. S. Laureys
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Correspondence to S. Laureys .

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  1. Erasme Hospital, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium

    Jean-Louis Vincent Prof.

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Gosseries, O., Boly, M., Laureys, S. (2013). Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Coupled To EEG: A New Tool to Assess Brain Function in Coma. In: Vincent, JL. (eds) Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2013. Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35109-9_63

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35109-9_63

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-35108-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-35109-9

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