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Fungal Wood Decay Processes as a Basis for Bioremediation

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Fungi as Bioremediators

Part of the book series: Soil Biology ((SOILBIOL,volume 32))

Abstract

By-products of wood degradationand fungal activities have an important function in the formation of organic soilcomponents and can positively influence the natural succession pattern. The term mycoremediation usually refers to the exploitation of a unique fungal capacity to break down various organopollutants or to remove heavy metals from contaminated substrates but was also expanded on application of fungi to revitalise degraded and organically poor areas. Natural microbial and fungal communities found in degraded and/or contaminated soils and woody substrates represent a heterogeneous potential for remediation. But different ecological factors can hinder and prolong the revitalisation processes. The remediation potential of indigenous microflora can be enhanced with the addition of nutrients (biostimulation) or with the addition of living exogenous organisms into the remediated substrate (bioaugmentation). The substrate used for biostimulation or as an organic amendmentcan also carry a variability of organisms that can express bioremediation potential. The structures and organisation of main components of wood cell walls and high carbon to nitrogen ratio promote wood stability and cause resistance to deterioration and degradation. To promote wood degradation and production of soil organic matter, white-rot fungi can be exploited. It is essential to understand basic processes involved in the wood degradation and succession of organisms to get an insight into mycoremediation principles. With this chapter we introduce the basis of wood degradation and emphasise the influence of exogenously added fungi on the development and stability of indigenous microbial communities.

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Acknowledgment

The financial support from the Slovenian Research Agency through the research programmes P4-0107 and P4-0015 and the research project L4-3641 is acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Forest Protection, Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia

    Barbara Piškur & Dušan Jurc

  2. Department of Wood Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia

    Miha Humar, Ajda Ulčnik & Franc Pohleven

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  1. Barbara Piškur
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  2. Miha Humar
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  3. Ajda Ulčnik
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  4. Dušan Jurc
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  5. Franc Pohleven
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Correspondence to Barbara Piškur .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. College of Agriculture, Dept. of Plant Pathology, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Ale Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 14115, Iran

    Ebrahim Mohammadi Goltapeh

  2. Faculty of Agriculture, Dep Plant Protection, Urmia University, no street, Urmia, 165, Iran

    Younes Rezaee Danesh

  3. Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, E-3 Block, Sector 125, Noida, 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ajit Varma

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Piškur, B., Humar, M., Ulčnik, A., Jurc, D., Pohleven, F. (2013). Fungal Wood Decay Processes as a Basis for Bioremediation. In: Goltapeh, E., Danesh, Y., Varma, A. (eds) Fungi as Bioremediators. Soil Biology, vol 32. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33811-3_3

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