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Plants and Their Ectomycorrhizosphere: Cost and Benefit of Symbiotic Soil Organisms

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Growth and Defence in Plants

Part of the book series: Ecological Studies ((ECOLSTUD,volume 220))

Abstract

The ectomycorrhizosphere is a heterogeneous and variable micro-environment, predominantly established by variously formed extramatrical mycelia (EMM) that emanate from the hyphal mantle of ectomycorrhizae that envelopes the short roots. The mycelia differ fungal species-dependent regarding range, density and differentiation. Contingent upon the amount of sugars available for the ectomycorrhizal fungi — controlled, e.g. by elevated above-ground concentrations of ozone or carbon dioxide exposure to host trees — an ectomycorrhizal community can change its total amount of EMM, leading to changes in space occupation, and consequently, to alterations in its capacity to explore and exploit soil resources. We quantify the exploration type specific space occupation under the influence of twice-ambient ozone concentrations and estimate the carbon cost the tree has to pay for. Further, we address enzymatic capacities of ectomycorrhizal communities and focus on bacteria being associated with the mycelium. Finally we discuss the impact of soil micro-niches on ectomycorrhizal communities and mention briefly the ectomycorrhizal competition with each other and with saprotrophic fungi.

An erratum to this chapter can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30645-7_21

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology I and GeoBio-Center, Organismic Biology, Mycology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Menzinger Str. 67, 80638, München, Germany

    R. Agerer, S. Raidl, R. Verma & R. Weigt

  2. Research Unit Microbe-Plant Interactions, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany

    A. Hartmann

  3. Institute of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany

    K. Pritsch

  4. Environmental Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany

    M. Schloter

  5. Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Ecophysiology of Plants, Technische Universität München, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354, Freising, Germany

    R. Weigt

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  1. R. Agerer
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  6. R. Verma
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  7. R. Weigt
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Correspondence to R. Agerer .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Chair of Ecophysiology of Plants, Technical University of Munich Chair of Ecophysiology of Plants, Freising, Germany

    Rainer Matyssek

  2. Chair of Grassland Science, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany

    Hans Schnyder

  3. Chair of Phytopathology of Woody Plants, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany

    Wolfgang Oßwald

  4. Institute of Biochemcial Plant Biology, Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany

    Dieter Ernst

  5. Institute of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany

    Jean Charles Munch

  6. LS Waldwachstumskunde, TU München LS Waldwachstumskunde, Freising, Germany

    Hans Pretzsch

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Agerer, R. et al. (2012). Plants and Their Ectomycorrhizosphere: Cost and Benefit of Symbiotic Soil Organisms. In: Matyssek, R., Schnyder, H., Oßwald, W., Ernst, D., Munch, J., Pretzsch, H. (eds) Growth and Defence in Plants. Ecological Studies, vol 220. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30645-7_10

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