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Cathepsin and Microglia

  • Reference work entry
Encyclopedia of Pain

  • 154 Accesses

Synonyms

Analgesia; Chemokine; Fractalkine (CX3CL1); Microglia; Neuropathic pain; P2X7 receptor; Peripheral nerve injury; Spinal cord microglia

Definition

The cathepsins are lysosomal proteases that are ubiquitously expressed. Cathepsin S is a cysteine protease that displays tissue-specific distribution in antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Cathepsin S (CatS) is critically involved in the process of antigen presentation and is therefore essential for host immune function. Secretion of CatS by spinal microglia contributes to enhanced nociceptive transmission in rodent models of peripheral nerve injury. Microglia are cells abundant in CNS parenchyma which belong to the myelomonocytic lineage also including monocytes and macrophages. Quiescent microglia perform immune surveillance of the nervous system by elaborate branch structures which rarely overlap with nearby microglia cells. Microglia are rapidly activated by direct insults to the central nervous system (CNS), but they also react...

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  1. Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King’s College London, London, UK

    Anna K. Clark, Andrea C. Ogbonna & Marzia Malcangio

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  1. Anna K. Clark
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  2. Andrea C. Ogbonna
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Correspondence to Marzia Malcangio .

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  1. Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Gerald F. Gebhart

  2. Physiologisches Institut der, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

    Robert F. Schmidt

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Clark, A.K., Ogbonna, A.C., Malcangio, M. (2013). Cathepsin and Microglia. In: Gebhart, G.F., Schmidt, R.F. (eds) Encyclopedia of Pain. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28753-4_4922

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