Definition
Physical activity is defined here as all spontaneous or regular everyday physical activity that consumes energy, including walking or cycling to work and working in the garden.
Physical exercise is planned physical activity that consumes energy and increases the breathing rate and perspiration.
Characteristics
Many patients with chronic pain (IASP 1994) have reduced physical performance capacity, which may be associated with their primary impairment and pathological processes but also with a reduced overall physical activity level. A person with paindisorder may refrain from physical activity due to the anticipation of the aggravation of pain, which in turn will reduce his/her cardiovascular and muscle function, with a subsequent negative impact on the impairments, functional limitations, and other aspects of health. Multiple personal and environmental factors can contribute to a reduced level of...
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Busch, A. J., Barber, K. A., Overend, T. J., Peloso, P. M. J., & Schachter, C. I. (2007). Exercise for treating fibromyalgia syndrome. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (4). Art. No.: CD003786. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003786.pub2
de Jong, Z., Munneke, M., Zwinderman, A., et al. (2004). Long term high intensity exercise and damage of small joints in rheumatoid arthritis. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 63, 1399–1405.
Häkkinen, A., Häkkinen, K., Hannonen, P., et al. (2001). Strength training induced adaptations in neuromuscular function of premenopausal women with fibromyalgia: Comparison with healthy women. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 60, 21–26.
IASP. (1994). Classification of chronic pain. Seattle: International Association for the Study of Pain.
Liddle, S., Baxter, G., & Gracey, J. (2004). Exercise and chronic low back pain: What works? Pain, 107, 176–190.
Mannerkorpi, K., & Iversen, M. (2003). Physical exercise in fibromyalgia and related syndromes. Best Practice & Research. Clinical Rheumatology, 17, 629–647.
Mannerkorpi, K., Nyberg, B., Ahlmén, M., et al. (2000). Pool exercise combined with an education program for patients with fibromyalgia syndrome. Journal of Rheumatology, 27, 2473–2481.
Mannerkorpi, K., Ekdahl, C., & Ahlmen, M. (2002). Six- and 24-month follow-up of pool exercise therapy and education for patients with fibromyalgia. Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, 31, 306–310.
Mannion, A., Muntener, M., Taimela, S., et al. (2001). Comparison of three active therapies for chronic low back pain: Results of a randomized clinical trial with one-year follow-up. Rheumatology, 40, 772–778.
McGain, G., Bell, D., Mai, F., et al. (1988). A controlled study of the effects of a supervised cardiovascular fitness training program on the manifestations of primary fibromyalgia. Arthritis and Rheumatism, 31, 1135–1141.
Stenström, C., & Minor, M. (2003). Evidence for the benefit of aerobic and strengthening exercise in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis and Rheumatism, 49, 428–434.
Valim, V., Oliveira, L., Suda, A., et al. (2003). Aerobic fitness effects in fibromyalgia. Journal of Rheumatology, 30, 2473–2481.
van Santen, M., Bolwijn, P., Verstappen, F., et al. (2002). A randomized clinical trial comparing fitness and biofeedback training versus basic treatment in patients with fibromyalgia. Journal of Rheumatology, 29, 575–581.
Wolfe, F., Smythe, H., Yunus, M., et al. (1990). The American college of rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of fibromyalgia. Report of the multicenter criteria committee. Arthritis and Rheumatism, 33, 160–172.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this entry
Cite this entry
Mannerkorpi, K. (2013). Physical Exercise. In: Gebhart, G.F., Schmidt, R.F. (eds) Encyclopedia of Pain. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28753-4_3343
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28753-4_3343
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-28752-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-28753-4
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesReference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences