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Empirical Results of Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science

Glossary

Bottleneck :

A bottleneck is in general a part of facility limiting pedestrian flows. This can be, for example, a door, a narrowing in a corridor, or stairs, i.e., locations of reduced capacity. At bottlenecks jamming occurs if the inflow is higher than the capacity.

Capacity :

The maximal flow rate supported by a facility is called “capacity.”

Crowd disaster :

Crowd disaster is an accident in which the specific behavior of the crowd is a relevant factor, e.g., through competitive and nonadaptive behavior. In the media, it is often called “panic” which is a scientifically not proven concept in crowd dynamics and should thus be avoided.

Crowd :

A large group of pedestrians who have gathered together. Depending on the perspective, more specific definitions exist.

Evacuation :

Evacuation is the movement of persons from a dangerous place due to the threat or occurrence of a disastrous event. In normal situations this is called “egress” instead.

Flow rate :

The flow rate Jis a...

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany

    Maik Boltes & Armin Seyfried

  2. State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China

    Jun Zhang

  3. School of Mechanical Engineering and Safety Engineering, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany

    Antoine Tordeux

  4. School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany

    Armin Seyfried

  5. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Germany

    Andreas Schadschneider

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  1. Maik Boltes
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  2. Jun Zhang
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  3. Antoine Tordeux
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  4. Andreas Schadschneider
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  5. Armin Seyfried
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Correspondence to Andreas Schadschneider .

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    Robert A. Meyers

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Boltes, M., Zhang, J., Tordeux, A., Schadschneider, A., Seyfried, A. (2018). Empirical Results of Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics. In: Meyers, R. (eds) Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27737-5_706-1

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