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Bacterial Proteins Involved in Antimicrobial Drug Resistance

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Perspectives in Antiinfective Therapy

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Abstract

Antimicrobial drug resistance is a predictable response to the use of antibiotics. Among clinical isolates, this response most often involves the production of a drug-inactivating enzyme. Such enzymes have severely limited the clinical usefulness of many antimicrobial agents. Furthermore, their appearance and spread among microbial populations often reflect use and misuse of various antimicrobial agents. For example, the spread of chloramphenicol acetyltrans-ferase among strains of Salmonella typhi worldwide has caused many problems for the treatment of typhoid fever. Dissemination of this enzyme among Haemophilus influenzae and Bacteroides fragilis in the future could pose many new therapeutic problems. A variety of aminoglycoside inactivating enzymes affecting one or many members of this drug class have evolved. The prevalence of resistance to specific aminoglycosides varies widely from country to country and reflects not only aminoglycoside utilization patterns but also the prevalence of specific genes encoding the various inactivating enzymes. For β-lactam drugs, the β-lactamases are by far the most common mechanism of resistance encountered among clinical isolates. These enzymes comprise a diverse family of serine proteases and their dissemination maong both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria has greatly influenced the efficacy of β-lactam drugs. All in all, an understanding and appreciation of these inactivating enzymes is essential for new drug design.

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  1. Department of Medical Microbiology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, 68178, USA

    C. C. Sanders

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G. G. Jackson H. D. Schlumberger H. J. Zeiler

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Sanders, C.C. (1989). Bacterial Proteins Involved in Antimicrobial Drug Resistance. In: Jackson, G.G., Schlumberger, H.D., Zeiler, H.J. (eds) Perspectives in Antiinfective Therapy. Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-86064-4_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-86064-4_16

  • Publisher Name: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, Wiesbaden

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-528-07979-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-322-86064-4

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