Abstract
This chapter explores how robots are imagined and put to use to help children with autism develop social behaviours and skills. I compare those models of autism that emphasize the autistic person as preferring things and machines over other people and which consider autism as part of the empathy-deficit model. I introduce alternative ways of thinking about autism that attempt to restore the importance of sociality and social relationships for autistic persons.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsNotes
- 1.
NAO robot. Accessed 20.8.17. https://www.ald.softbankrobotics.com/en/robots/nao
- 2.
Pepper robot. Accessed 20.8.17. https://www.ald.softbankrobotics.com/en/robots/pepper
- 3.
ASIMO robot. Accessed 20.8.17. http://asimo.honda.com/
- 4.
Keepon robot. Accessed 20.8.17. http://www.mykeepon.com/buy
- 5.
Probo robot. Accessed 20.8.17. http://probo.vub.ac.be/Probo/
- 6.
Karel Čapek, author of the play, Rossum’s Universal Robots (R.U.R) always capitalized the I.
Bibliography
American Psychiatric Association. 1994. DSM-IV: Diagnostic and Statistical manual. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
———. 2013. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5®). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing.
American Psychiatric Association, and American Psychiatric Association. 1994. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), 143–147. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
Asperger, A. 2001 [1944]. ‘Autistic Psychopathy’ in Childhood. Trans. and annotated by Uta Frith. In Autism and Asperger Syndrome, ed. U. Frith. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bagatell, Nancy. 2010. From Cure to Community: Transforming Notions of Autism. Ethos 38 (1): 33–55.
Baron-Cohen, S. 1997. Mindblindness: An Essay on Autism and Theory of Mind. Cambridge: MIT Press.
———. 2004. The Essential Difference. London: Penguin.
Baron-Cohen, Simon, and Jessica Hammer. 1997. Is Autism an Extreme Form of the “Male Brain”? Advances in Infancy Research 11: 193–218.
Baron-Cohen, Simon, Sally Wheelwright, Carol Stott, Patrick Bolton, and Ian Goodyer. 1997. Is There a Link Between Engineering and Autism? Autism-London 1: 101–109.
Baron-Cohen, Simon, Ofer Golan, Emma Chapman, and Yael Granader. 2009. Transported to a World of Emotion. McGill Journal of Medicine 12 (2): 78–81.
Bettelheim, Bruno. 1967. Empty Fortress. New York/London: Free Press/Collier-Macmillan.
Blacher, Jan, and Lisa Christensen. 2011. Sowing the Seeds of the Autism Field: Leo Kanner (1943). Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 49 (3): 172–191.
Breazeal, Cynthia. 2009. Role of Expressive Behaviour for Robots That Learn from People. Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences 364 (1535): 3527–3538.
Dautenhahn, Kerstin, and Iain Werry. 2004. Towards Interactive Robots in Autism Therapy: Background, Motivation and Challenges. Pragmatics & Cognition 12 (1): 1–35.
Frith, U. 1989. Autism: explaining the enigma. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
———. 1991. Autism and Asperger Syndrome. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Freud, Sigmund. 1995 [1920]. Beyond the Pleasure Principle. In The Freud Reader, ed. Peter Gay, 594–626. London: Vintage.
Gell, Alfred. 1998. Art and Agency: An Anthropological Theory. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Gopnik, Alison. 1993. Theories and Illusions. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 16 (01): 90–100.
Grinker, Roy Richard. 2008. Unstrange Minds: Remapping the World of Autism. New York: Basic Books.
———. 2010. Commentary: On Being Autistic, and Social. Ethos 38 (1): 172–178.
Happé, Francesca, and Uta Frith. 2010. Autism and Talent. Vol. 364. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Haraway, Donna Jeanne. 2003. The Companion Species Manifesto: Dogs, People, and Significant Otherness. Vol. 1. Chicago: Prickly Paradigm Press.
Kanner, L. 1943. Autistic Disturbances of Affective Contact. Nervous Child 2 (3): 217–250.
Lakoff, George. 1987. Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things. What Categories Reveal About the Mind. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Lakoff, George, and Mark Johnson. 2008. Metaphors We Live By. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Latour, Bruno. 2005. Reassembling the Social: An Introduction to Actor-Network-Theory. Oxford/New York: Oxford University Press.
———. 2012. We Have Never Been Modern. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.
Loh, Alvin, Teesta Soman, Jessica Brian, Susan E. Bryson, Wendy Roberts, Peter Szatmari, Isabel M. Smith, and Lonnie Zwaigenbaum. 2007. Stereotyped Motor Behaviors Associated with Autism in High-Risk Infants: A Pilot Videotape Analysis of a Sibling Sample. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 37 (1): 25–36.
Lyons, V., and M. Fitzgerald. 2004. Humor in Autism and Asperger Syndrome. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 34 (5): 521–531.
Metropolis (1927) Dir. Fritz Lang.
Ochs, Elinor, and Olga Solomon. 2010. Autistic Sociality. Ethos 38 (1): 69–92.
Ochs, Elinor, Tamar Kremer-Sadlik, Karen Gainer Sirota, and Olga Solomon. 2004. Autism and the Social World: An Anthropological Perspective. Discourse Studies 6 (2): 147–183.
Oxford English Dictionary (OED). 1995. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Current English. First edited by H.W. Fowler and F.G. Fowler. Ninth Edition. Edited by Della Thompson. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Peca, Andreea. 2016. Robot Enhanced Therapy for Children with Autism Disorders: Measuring Ethical Acceptability. IEEE Technology and Society Magazine 35 (2): 54–66.
Pop, Cristina A., Sebastian Pintea, Bram Vanderborght, and Daniel O. David. 2014. Enhancing Play Skills, Engagement and Social Skills in a Play Task in ASD Children by Using Robot-Based Interventions. A Pilot Study. Interaction Studies 15: 292–320.
Richardson, Kathleen. 2010. Disabling as Mimesis and Alterity: Making Humanoid Robots at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Etnofoor 22 (1): 75–90.
———. 2015. An Anthropology of Robots and AI: Annihilation Anxiety and Machines. Vol. 20. New York: Routledge.
Robins, Ben, R. Te Boekhorst Kerstin Dautenhahn, and Aude Billard. 2005. Robotic Assistants in Therapy and Education of Children with Autism: Can a Small Humanoid Robot Help Encourage Social Interaction Skills? Universal Access in the Information Society 4 (2): 105–120.
Robins, Ben, Kerstin Dautenhahn, and Janek Dubowski. 2006. Does Appearance Matter in the Interaction of Children with Autism with a Humanoid Robot? Interaction Studies 7 (3): 509–542.
Rutter, Michael. 2011. Research Review: Child Psychiatric Diagnosis and Classification: Concepts, Findings, Challenges and Potential. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 52 (6): 647–660.
Scassellati, Brian, Henny Admoni, and Maja Mataric. 2012. Robots for Use in Autism Research. Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering 14: 275–294.
Strachey, James, and Sigmund Freud. 1961. Beyond the Pleasure Principle. New York: Norton.
Strathern, Marilyn. 1988. The Gender of the Gift: Problems with Women and Problems with Society in Melanesia. Vol. 6. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Taussig, Michael T. 1993. Mimesis and Alterity: A Particular History of the Senses. Hove: Psychology Press.
Timimi, S., and B. McCabe. 2016. Autism Screening and Diagnostic Tools. In Re-thinking Autism: Diagnosis, Identity and Equality, ed. K. Runswick-Cole, R. Mallett, and S. Timimi, 30–48. London/Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
The Transporters Discover the World of Emotions, DVD. 2006. Narrated by Stephen Fry. Catalyst Studios.
Thill, Serge, Cristina A. Pop, Tony Belpaeme, Tom Ziemke, and Bram Vanderborght. 2012. Robot-Assisted Therapy for Autism Spectrum Disorders with (Partially) Autonomous Control: Challenges and Outlook. Paladyn, Journal of Behavioral Robotics 3 (4): 209–217.
Tilton, James R., and Donald R. Ottinger. 1964. Comparison of the Toy Play Behavior of Autistic, Retarded, and Normal Children. Psychological Reports 15 (3): 967–975.
Trevarthen, Colwyn, Kenneth Aitken, Despina Papoudi, and Jacqueline Robarts. 1998. Children with Autism: Diagnosis and Intervention to Meet Their Needs. London: Kingsley.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Richardson, K. (2018). Autism, Social Attachment and Things. In: Challenging Sociality. Social and Cultural Studies of Robots and AI. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74754-5_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74754-5_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-74753-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-74754-5
eBook Packages: Behavioral Science and PsychologyBehavioral Science and Psychology (R0)