Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

The Art of Hernia Surgery pp 613–622Cite as

Parietal Disaster

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

  • 2131 Accesses

Abstract

Incisional hernia (IH) is defined by the European Hernia Society (EHS) as “any abdominal wall gap with or without bulge in the area of postoperative scar perceptible or palpable by clinical examination or imaging” [1]. The incidence of incisional hernia is around 20% after abdominal wall surgeries [2]. The risk factors associated with development of IH include patient-related factors, nature of primary surgery, and biological factors. Patient-related factors include age >60 years, male gender, [3–6] obesity with increased BMI > 25 kg/m2 [5], and patient comorbidities (diabetes, chronic lung disease, immunosuppression in organ transplant patient, chemotherapy, and steroid therapy) [7–10]. Surgery related risk factors for incisional hernia include emergency operations [9], bowel surgery, re-laparotomy, burst abdomen with evisceration [11–14], wound infection, wound dehiscence, midline abdominal incision has higher risk for developing IH compared to transverse and oblique incisions, respectively [4, 11]. Biological factors include enzyme defects, smoking, and nutritional deficiencies [15]. The occurrence of IH is multifactorial in nature. Laparoscopic approaches have also contributed to the development of incisional hernia. Laparoscopy-related factors are diameter of the port size >10 mm, multiple insertions, long duration of surgery, inadequate evacuation of pneumoperitoneum, unrelaxed abdominal wall at the end of the procedure, and increased abdominal pressure at the end of surgery [16].

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   229.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   299.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   299.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Muysoms FE, Miserz M, Benevoet F, Campanelli G, Champault GG, Chelala E, et al. Classification of primary and incisional abdominal wall hernias. Hernia. 2009;13(4):407–14.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  2. Alaedeen DI, Lipman J, Medalie D, Rosen MJ. The single-staged approach to the surgical management of abdominal wall hernias in contaminated fields. Hernia. 2007;11:41–5. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10029-006-0164-5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Le Huu Nho R, Mege D, Ouaïssi M, Sielezneff I, Sastre B. Incidence and prevention of ventral incisional hernia. J Visc Surg. 2012;149(5 suppl):e3–e14.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Sørensen LT, Hemmingsen UB, Kirkeby LT, Kallehave F, Jørgensen LN. Smoking is a risk factor for incisional hernia. Arch Surg. 2005;140(2):119–23.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Llaguna OH, Avgerinos DV, Lugo JZ, Matatov T, Abbadessa B, Martz JE, et al. Incidence and risk factors for the development of incisional hernia following elective laparoscopic versus open colon resection. Am J Surg. 2010;200(2):265–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Mannien MJ, Lavonius M, Perhoniemi VJ. Results of incisional hernia repair. A retrospective study of 172 unselected herneoplasties. Eur J Surg. 1991;157(1):129–31.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Jargon D, Friebe V, Hopt UT, Obermaier R. Risk factors and prevention of incisional hernia—what is evidence based. Zentralbl Chir. 2008;133(5):453–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Koivukangas V, Oikarinen A, Risteli J, Haukipuro K. Effect of jaundice and its resolution on wound re epithelization, skin collagen synthesis and serum collagen peptide levels in patients with neoplastic pancreatico biliary obstruction. J Surg Res. 2005;124(2):237–43.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Hesselink VJ, Luijendijk RW, de Wilt JH, Heide R, Jeekel J. An evaluation of risk factors in incisional hernia recurrence. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1993;176(3):228–34.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Aboian E, Winter DC, Metcalf DR, Wolff BG. Perineal hernia after proctectomy: prevalence, risks and management. Dis Colon Rectum. 2006;49(10):1564–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Beltran MA, Cruces KS. Incisional after Mc Burney’s incision. Retrospective case control study of risk factors and surgical treatment. World J Surg. 2008;32(4):596–601.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Song IH, Ha HK, Choi SG, Jeon BG, Kim MJ, Park KJ. Analysis of risk factors for the development of incisional hernia and parastomal hernias in patients after colorectal surgery. J Korean Coloproctol. 2012;28(6):299–303.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Müller-Riemenschneider F, Roll S, Friedrich M, Zieren J, Reinhold T, von der Schulenburg JM, et al. Medical effectiveness and safety of conventional compared to laparoscopic incisional hernia repair: a systematic review. Surg Endosc. 2007;21(12):2127–36.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Gislasson H, Viste A. Closure of burst abdomen after major gastro intestinal operation—comparison of deferent surgical technique and later development of incisional hernia. Eur J Surg. 1999;165(10):958–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Bellon JM, Duran HJ. Biological factors involved in the genesis of incisional hernia. Cir Esp. 2008;83(1):3–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Scheuerlein H, Setmacher U, Lenshow M, Rauchfuss F. Complex incisional hernias. Arch. Clin Gastroenterol. 2016;2(1):017–26.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Ezer A, Calışkan K, Colakoğlu T, Parlakgümüş A, Belli S, Tarım A. Factors affecting morbidity in urgent repair of abdominal wall hernia with intestinal incarceration in adults. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2011;17:344–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Kurt N, Oncel M, Ozkan Z, Bingul S. Risk and outcome of bowel resection in patients with incarcerated groin hernias: retrospective study. World J Surg. 2003;27:741–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Kulah B, Kulacoglu IH, Oruc MT, Duzgun AP, Moran M, Ozmen MM, et al. Presentation and outcome of incarcerated external hernias in adults. Am J Surg. 2001;181:101–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Alvarez JA, Baldonedo RF, Bear IG, Solís JA, Alvarez P, Jorge JI. Incarcerated groin hernias in adults: presentation and outcome. Hernia. 2004;8:121–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Martínez-Serrano MA, Pereira JA, Sancho JJ, López-Cano M, Bombuy E, Hidalgo J, Study Group of Abdominal Hernia Surgery of the Catalan Society of Surgery. Risk of death after emergency repair of abdominal wall hernias. Still waiting for improvement. Langenbeck’s Arch Surg. 2010;395:551–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Kelly ME, Behrman SW. The safety and efficacy of prosthetic hernia repair in clean-contaminated and contaminated wounds. Am Surg. 2002;68:524–8. discussion 528–9

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Vix J, Meyer C, Rohr S, Bourtoul C. The treatment of incisional and abdominal hernia with a prosthesis in potentially infected tissues—a series of 47 cases. Hernia. 1997;1:157–61. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01234750.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Morris-Stiff GJ, Hughes LE. The outcomes of nonabsorbable mesh placed within the abdominal cavity: literature review and clinical experience. J Am Coll Surg. 1998;186:352–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1072-7515(98)00002-7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Temudom T, Siadati M, Sarr MG. Repair of complex giant or recurrent ventral hernias by using tension-free intraparietal prosthetic mesh (Stoppa technique): lessons learned from our initial experience (fifty patients). Surgery. 1996;120:738–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0039-6060(96)80025-0. discussion 743–4

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Campanelli G, Nicolosi FM, Pettinari D, Avesani EC. Prosthetic repair, intestinal resection, and potentially contaminated areas: safe and feasible? Hernia. 2004;8:190–2.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. McLanahan D, King LT, Weems C, Novotney M, Gibson K. Retrorectus prosthetic mesh repair of midline abdominal hernia. Am J Surg. 1997;173:445–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Coccolini F, Agresta F, Bassi A, Catena F, Crovella F, Ferrara R, Gossetti F, et al. Italian Biological Prosthesis Work-Group (IBPWG): proposal for a decisional model in using biological prosthesis. World J Emerg Surg. 2012;7(1):34. https://doi.org/10.1186/1749-7922-7-34.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  29. Jafari MD, Wexner SD, Martz JE, McLemore EC, Margolin DA, Sherwinter DA. Perfusion assessment in laparoscopic left sided/anterior resection (PILLAR) II: a multi-institutional study. J Am Coll Surg. 2015;220:82–92.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Leblanc KA, Elieson MJ. Enterotomy and mortality rates of laparoscopic incisional and ventral hernia repair: a review of the literature. JSLS. 2007;11:408–14.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  31. Bringman S, Conze J, Cuccurullo D, Deprest J, Junge K, Klosterhalfen B, et al. Hernia repair: the search for ideal meshes. Hernia. 2010;14:81–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Brown CN, Finch JG. Which mesh for hernia repair? Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2010;92:272–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  33. Jenkins ED, Yom V, Melman L, et al. Prospective evaluation of adhesion characteristics to intraperitoneal mesh and adhesiolysis-related complications during laparoscopic reexploration after prior ventral hernia repair. Surg Endosc. 2010;24(12):3002–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Forbes S, Eskicioglu C, McLeod R, Okrainec A. Metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials comparing open and laparoscopic ventral and incisional hernia repair with mesh. Br J Surg. 2009;96(8):851–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Bittner R, Bingener-Casey J, Dietz U, Fabian M, Ferzli GS, Fortelny RH, Köckerling F, Kukleta J, LeBlanc K. Guidelines for laparoscopic treatment of ventral and incisional abdominal wall hernias (International Endohernia Society [IEHS])—part 2. Surg Endosc. 2014;28:353–79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-013-3171-5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Sharma A, Khullar R, Soni V, Baijal M, et al. Iatrogenic enterotomy in laparoscopic ventral/incisional hernia repair: A single centre experience of 2,346 patients over 17 yrs: the world journal of hernia and abdominal wall. Surgery. 2013;17(5):581–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10029-013-1122-7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Szczerba SR, Dumanian GA. Definitive surgical treatment of infected or exposed ventral hernia mesh. Ann Surg. 2003;237:437–41.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  38. Voyles CR, Richardson JD, Bland KI, Tobin GR, Flint LM, Polk HC. Emergency abdominal wall reconstruction with polypropylene mesh: short-term benefits versus long-term complications. Ann Surg. 1981;194(2):219–23.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  39. Gray SH, Vick CC, Graham LA. Risk of complications from enterotomy or unplanned bowel resection during elective hernia repair. Arch Surg. 2008;143(6):582–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Houck JP, Rypins EB, Sarfeh IJ, Juler GL, Shimoda KY. Repair of incisional hernia. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1989;169:397–400.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Read RC, Yoder G. Recent trends in the management of incisional herniation. Arch Surg. 1989;124:485–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Stoppa RE. The treatment of complicated groin and incisional hernias. World J Surg. 1989;13:545–54.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Zhang V, Zhou H, Chai Y, Cao C, Jin K, Hu Z. Laparoscopic versus open incisional and ventral hernia repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Surg. 2014;38:2233–40.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Sharma A, Mehrotra M, Khullar R, Soni V, Baijal M, Chowbey PK. Laparoscopic ventral/incisional hernia repair: a single centre experience of 1,242 patients over a period of 13 years. Hernia. 2011;15:131–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Barzana D, Johnson K, Clancy TV, Hope WW. Hernia recurrence through a composite mesh secondary to transfascial suture holes. Hernia. 2012;16(2):219–21. Epub 2010 Sep 12

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Heniford BT, Park A, Ramshaw BJ, Voeller G. Laparoscopic repair of ventral hernias: nine years’ experience with 850 consecutive hernias. Ann Surg. 2003;238(3):391–9. discussion 399–400

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  47. Kurmann A, Visth E, Candinas D, Beldi G. Long-term follow-up of open and laparoscopic repair of large incisional hernias. World J Surg. 2011;35(2):297–301.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Bencini L, Sanchez LJ, Bernini M, Miranda E, Farsi M, Boffi B, et al. Predictors of recurrence after laparoscopic ventral hernia repair. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2009;19(2):128–32.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Biondi A, Tropea A, Monaco G, Musmeci N, Zanghi G, Basile F. Complications in the laparoscopic treatment of primary and secondary hernias of the abdominal wall. Ann Ital Chir. 2010;81(3):193–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Chowbey PK, et al. Max institute of MAMBS. India Symp. 2006;2(3):192–8.

    Google Scholar 

  51. Klinge U, Binnebösel M, Rosch R, Mertens P. Hernia recurrence as a problem of biology and collagen. J Minim Access Surg. 2006;2(3):151–4.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  52. Varela JE, Wilson SE, Nguyen NT. Laparoscopic surgery significantly reduces surgical-site infections compared with open surgery. Surg Endosc. 2010;24:270–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Sturt NJ, Liao CC, Engledow AH, Menzies D, Motson RW. Results of laparoscopic repair of primary and recurrent incisional hernias at a single UK institution. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2011;21(2):86–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Moreno- Egea A, Castillo Bustos JA, Girela E, Aguayo-Albasini JL. Long-term results of laparoscopic repair of incisional hernias using an intraperitoneal composite mesh. Surg Endosc. 2010;24:359–65.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Griniatsos J, Yiannakopoulou E, Tsechpenakis A, Tsigris C, et al. A hybrid technique for recurrent incisional hernia repair. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2009;19(5):e177–80. https://doi.org/10.1097/SLE.0b013e3181bb859c.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Stoikes N, Quasebarth M, Brunt LM. Hybrid ventral hernia repair: technique and results. Hernia. 2013;17(5):627–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Vrijland WW, Van Den Tol MP, Luijendijk RW, et al. Randomized clinical trial of non-mesh versus mesh repair of primary inguinal hernia. Br J Surg. 2002;89:293–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Cobb WS, Harris JB, Lokey JS, McGill ES, Klove KL. Incisional herniorrhaphy with intraperitoneal composite mesh: a report of 95 cases. Am Surg. 2003;69:784–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Chowbey P. Endoscopic repair of abdominal wall hernias. India: Byword Books Private Limited; 2012.

    Google Scholar 

  60. White TJ, Santos MC, Thompson JS. Factors affecting wound complications in repair of ventral hernias. Am Surg. 1998;64:276–80.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Leber GE, Garb JL, Alexander AI, Reed WP. Long-term complications associated with prosthetic repair of incisional hernias. Arch Surg. 1998;133:378–82. https://doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.133.4.378.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Falagas ME, Kasiakou SK. Mesh-related infections after hernia repair surgery. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2005;11(1):3–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Troy MG, Dong QS, Dobrin PB, Hecht D. Do topical antibiotics provide improved prophylaxis against bacterial growth in the presence of polypropylene mesh? Am J Surg. 1996;171:391–3. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9610(97)89616-X.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Aguilar B, Chapital AB, Madura JA 2nd, Harold KL. Conservative management of mesh-site infection in hernia repair. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2010;20(3):249–52. https://doi.org/10.1089/lap.2009.0274.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Trunzo JA, Ponsky JL, Jin J, Williams CP, Rosen MJ. A novel approach for salvaging infected prosthetic mesh after ventral hernia repair. Hernia. 2009;13(5):545–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Petersen S, Henke G, Freitag M, Faulhaber A, Ludwig K. Deep prosthesis infection in incisional hernia repair: predictive factors and clinical outcome. Eur J Surg. 2001;167:453–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Kingsnorth AN, Sivarajasingham N, Wong S, Butler M. Open mesh repair of incisional hernias with signifiant loss of domain. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2004;86:363–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  68. Carbonell AM. Massive ventral hernia with loss of domain. In: Jones DB, editor. Hernia. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams&Wilkins; 2013. p. 263–79.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Max Institute of Minimal Access, Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, Max Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India

    Chowbey Pradeep M.S., M.N.A.M.S., F.R.C.S(Lond.)

  2. Surgery and Allied Surgical Specialties, Max Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India

    Chowbey Pradeep M.S., M.N.A.M.S., F.R.C.S(Lond.)

  3. Max Super Specialty Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India

    Chowbey Pradeep M.S., M.N.A.M.S., F.R.C.S(Lond.)

Authors
  1. Chowbey Pradeep M.S., M.N.A.M.S., F.R.C.S(Lond.)
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Insubria, Istituto Clinico, Sant’Ambrogio General Surgery Day Surgery, Milan, Italy

    Giampiero Campanelli

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Pradeep, C. (2018). Parietal Disaster. In: Campanelli, G. (eds) The Art of Hernia Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72626-7_62

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72626-7_62

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-72624-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-72626-7

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation