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Frailty in Old Age is Associated with Altered Cytokine Production in Response to TLR Ligation

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Abstract

Older people display increasing rates and severity of infections and reduced vaccine responses. The innate immune system is the first line of defense that protects the host from invading pathogens. Recognition of microbial components by Toll-Like Receptor (TLR)-dependent activation of antigen-presenting cells, such as dendritic cells, macrophages, or monocytes, is a crucial step for the ensuing initiation of the adaptive immune response. Several studies suggest that cytokine production upon stimulation by TLR ligands are affected in older individuals. Herein we discuss the different mechanisms that could account for the alterations of TLR-responsiveness in the geriatric population, focusing on the clinical characteristics of this age group. We suggest that frailty-associated factors, such as malnutrition, dysbiosis, and neurohormonal changes, could limit cytokine production by myeloid cells thereby contributing to immunosenescence.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium

    Nathalie Compte

  2. Institut Jules Bordet, Brussels, Belgium

    Thierry Pepersack

  3. Institute for Medical Immunology (IMI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium

    Stanislas Goriely

Authors
  1. Nathalie Compte
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  2. Thierry Pepersack
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  3. Stanislas Goriely
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Correspondence to Nathalie Compte .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Geriatrics Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke Dept. of Medicine, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada

    Tamas Fulop

  2. Dept of Experimental Pathology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

    Claudio Franceschi

  3. Institute for Health and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan

    Katsuiku Hirokawa

  4. Center for Medical Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

    Graham Pawelec

Section Editor information

  1. Research Center on Aging, Department of Medicine, Immunology Graduate Programme, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada

    Tamas Fulop

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Compte, N., Pepersack, T., Goriely, S. (2018). Frailty in Old Age is Associated with Altered Cytokine Production in Response to TLR Ligation. In: Fulop, T., Franceschi, C., Hirokawa, K., Pawelec, G. (eds) Handbook of Immunosenescence. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64597-1_152-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64597-1_152-1

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