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Blood Pressure Trends in Children and Adolescents: Predictors of Blood Pressure Elevation in Children and Adolescents

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Disorders of Blood Pressure Regulation

Part of the book series: Updates in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Protection ((UHCP))

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Abstract

Hypertension beginning in childhood may accelerate adverse cardiovascular outcomes shifting clinical events in early adulthood. Analysis of secular blood pressure (BP) trends and recognition of predictors for early incidence of BP elevation at population level could provide a window to the future and define the optimal time frame for population-based approaches. Secular BP trends among studies around the world do not show homogeneity as significant discrepancies exist among different countries and ethnic populations. International comparisons of BP trends in childhood could be instructive about the effect of environmental risk factors in different genetic backgrounds. However, differences in methodological issues, including BP measurement methodology, sample sizes or characteristics, and statistical adjustments, may not allow clear conclusions. Sodium intake and primarily obesity have been associated with the changes in BP trends over the last decades but managed to explain only part of BP changes. BP secular trends seem to be also affected by temporal changes in other factors, which remain to be determined by future research.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. First Department of Pediatrics, Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Stella Stabouli M.D., Ph.D.

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  1. Stella Stabouli M.D., Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Stella Stabouli M.D., Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon

    Adel E. Berbari

  2. Emeritus Professor of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy

    Giuseppe Mancia

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Stabouli, S. (2018). Blood Pressure Trends in Children and Adolescents: Predictors of Blood Pressure Elevation in Children and Adolescents. In: Berbari, A., Mancia, G. (eds) Disorders of Blood Pressure Regulation. Updates in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Protection. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59918-2_45

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59918-2_45

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-59918-2

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