Skip to main content

Urinary Tract Infection in Infants and Children

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
An Illustrated Guide to Pediatric Urology

Abstract

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections in infants and children.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Further Reading

  1. [Guideline] Subcommittee on Urinary Tract Infection; Steering Committee on Quality Improvement and Management. Urinary tract infection: clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and management of the initial UTI in febrile infants and children 2 to 24 months. Pediatrics. 2011.

    Google Scholar 

  2. American Academy of Pediatrics Task Force on Circumcision. Circumcision policy statement. Pediatrics. 2012;130(3):585–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. American Academy of Pediatrics, Subcommittee on Urinary Tract Infection, Steering Committee on Quality Improvement and Management, Roberts KB. Urinary tract infection: clinical practice guideline for diagnosis and management of the initial UTI in febrile infants and children 2 to 24 months. Pediatrics. 2011;128(3):595–610.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Bloomfield P, Hodson EM, Craig JC. Antibiotics for acute pyelonephritis in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005;(1):CD003772.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Finnell SM, Carroll AE, Downs SM. Technical report—diagnosis and management of an initial UTI in febrile infants and young children. Pediatrics. 2011;128(3):e749–70.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Garin EH, Olavarria F, Garcia Nieto V, Valenciano B, Campos A, Young L. Clinical significance of primary vesicoureteral reflux and urinary antibiotic prophylaxis after acute pyelonephritis: a multicenter, randomized, controlled study. Pediatrics. 2006;117(3):626–32.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Girardet P, Frutiger P, Lang R. Urinary tract infections in pediatric practice. A comparative study of three diagnostic tools: dip-slides, bacterioscopy and leucocyturia. Paediatrician. 1980;9(5–6):322–37.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Glissmeyer EW, Korgenski EK, Wilkes J, et al. Dipstick screening for urinary tract infection in febrile infants. Pediats. 2014;133(5):e1121–7.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Goldsmith BM, Campos JM. Comparison of urine dipstick, microscopy, and culture for the detection of bacteriuria in children. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1990;29(4):214–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Heldrich FJ, Barone MA, Spiegler E. UTI: diagnosis and evaluation in symptomatic pediatric patients. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2000;39(8):461–72.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Hoberman A, Charron M, Hickey RW, Baskin M, Kearney DH, Wald ER. Imaging studies after a first febrile urinary tract infection in young children. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(3):195–202.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Hoberman A, Wald ER, Hickey RW, et al. Oral versus initial intravenous therapy for urinary tract infections in young febrile children. Pediatrics. 1999;104(1 pt 1):79–86.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Hom J. Are oral antibiotics equivalent to intravenous antibiotics for the initial management of pyeloneophritis in children? Pediatr Child Health. 2010;15(3):150–2.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Jepson RG, Williams G, Craig JC. Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(10):CD001321.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Keren R, Chan E. A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials comparing short- and long-course antibiotic therapy for urinary tract infections in children. Pediatrics. 2002;109(5), E70.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Lunn A, Holden S, Boswell T, Watson AR. Automated microscopy, dipsticks and the diagnosis of urinary tract infection. Arch Dis Child. 2010;95(3):193–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Michael M, Hodson EM, Craig JC, Martin S, Moyer VA. Short versus standard duration oral antibiotic therapy for acute urinary tract infection in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;(1):CD003966.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Montini G, Toffolo A, Zucchetta P, et al. Antibiotic treatment for pyelonephritis in children: multicentre randomised controlled non-inferiority trial. BMJ. 2007;335(7616):386.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  19. Mori R, Lakhanpaul M, Verrier-Jones K. Diagnosis and management of urinary tract infection in children: summary of NICE guidance. BMJ. 2007;335(7616):395–7.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  20. Pennesi M, Travan L, Peratoner L, Bordugo A, Cattaneo A, Ronfani L, et al. Is antibiotic prophylaxis in children with vesicoureteral reflux effective in preventing pyelonephritis and renal scars? A randomized, controlled trial. Pediatrics. 2008;121(6):e1489–94.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Salo J, Ikäheimo R, Tapiainen T, Uhari M. Childhood urinary tract infections as a cause of chronic kidney disease. Pediatrics. 2011;128(5):840–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Schoen EJ, Colby CJ, Ray GT. Newborn circumcision decreases incidence and costs of urinary tract infections during the first year of life. Pediatrics. 2000;105(4 Pt 1):789–93.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Schroeder AR, Chang PW, Shen MW, Biondi EA, Greenhow TL. Diagnostic accuracy of the urinalysis for urinary tract infection in infants <3 months of age. Pediatrics. 2015;135(6):965–71.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Shaikh N, Morone NE, Bost JE, Farrell MH. Prevalence of urinary tract infection in childhood: a meta-analysis. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2008;27(4):302–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Singh-Grewal D, Macdessi J, Craig J. Circumcision for the prevention of urinary tract infection in boys. Arch Dis Child. 2005;90(8):853–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  26. Supavekin S, Surapaitoolkorn W, Pravisithikul N, Kutanavanishapong S, Chiewvit S. The role of DMSA renal scintigraphy in the first episode of urinary tract infection in childhood. Ann Nucl Med. 2013;27(2):170–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Toffolo A, Ammenti A, Montini G. Long-term clinical consequences of urinary tract infections during childhood: a review. Acta Paediatr. 2012;101(10):1018–31.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Tosif S, Baker A, Oakley E, Donath S, Babl FE. Contamination rates of different urine collection methods for the diagnosis of urinary tract infections in young children: an observational cohort study. Paediatr Child Health. 2012;48(8):659–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Tran D, Muchant DG, Aronoff SC. Short-course versus conventional length antimicrobial therapy for uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections in children: a meta-analysis of 1279 patients. J Pediatr. 2001;139(1):93–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Wald ER. Vesicoureteral reflux: the role of antibiotic prophylaxis. Pediatrics. 2006;117(3):919–22.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Wan J, Skoog SJ, Hulbert WC, Casale AJ, Greenfield SP, Cheng EY, et al. Section on Urology response to new Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of UTI. Pediatrics. 2012;129(4):e1051–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Whiting P, Westwood M, Watt I, Cooper J, Kleijnen J. Rapid tests and urine sampling techniques for the diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children under five years: a systematic review. BMC Pediatr. 2005;5(1):4.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  33. Williams G, Craig JC. Long-term antibiotics for preventing recurrent urinary tract infection in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;(3):CD001534.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Zorc JJ, Kiddoo DA, Shaw KN. Diagnosis and management of pediatric urinary tract infections. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2005;18(2):417–22.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Al-Salem, A.H. (2017). Urinary Tract Infection in Infants and Children. In: An Illustrated Guide to Pediatric Urology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44182-5_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44182-5_12

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-44181-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-44182-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics