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Crystallizing Ideas – The Role of Chemistry pp 227–238Cite as

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Health Risk Assessment of Selected Household Borehole Water of Lagos–Ogun Axis, Nigeria

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Abstract

The study area, Lagos–Ogun axis of Southwestern Nigeria is densely populated. The safety of drinking water is essential to human health. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous toxic organic compounds. This work investigated the distribution of eight PAHs , naphthalene (Nap), phenanthrene (Phe), fluoranthene (Flan), pyrene (Pyr), benzo[a]anthracene (B[a]a), chrysene (Chry), benzo[k]fluoranthene (B[k]f), and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]p) using gas chromatography (GC)–mass spectrometry (MS) equipped with mass selective detector (MSD). The borehole water samples were collected from selected households in the Lagos–Ogun axis, Nigeria. Naphthalene was detected in the range of ND−897.50 µg L−1 (Lagos ) and 242.50–657.50 µg L−1 (Ogun). The other heavier PAHs were not detected (ND). The PAHs levels in the water samples were compared with values recorded in other areas of the world and the guideline values proposed by World Health Organization (WHO). Human health risk assessment was evaluated and revealed that the levels of naphthalene have potential to pose long-term adverse health effects to the populace. Protecting drinking water sources and adopting basic water treatment protocol are recommended with emphasis on continuous monitoring.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Lagos State Environmental Protection Agency (LASEPA), Prof. Matthew Nindi, University of South Africa (UNISA) and Dr. Wale Raimi, University of Dundee, Scotland for valuable assistance. We are equally grateful to the households where samples were collected.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Lagos State University, Ojo, P.M.B. 0001, LASU Post Office, Badagry Expressway, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria

    Adeleke Adeniyi, Kafeelah Yusuf & Mutiu Sowemimo

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Lagos State University, Ojo, P.M.B. 0001, LASU Post Office, Badagry Expressway, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria

    Olumuyiwa Okedeyi

Authors
  1. Adeleke Adeniyi
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  2. Kafeelah Yusuf
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  3. Olumuyiwa Okedeyi
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  4. Mutiu Sowemimo
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Adeleke Adeniyi .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dep. of Chemistry, Fac. of Science, University of Mauritius, Reduit, Mauritius

    Ponnadurai Ramasami

  2. Dept of Chemistry, Faculty of Scien, University of Mauritius, Reduit, Mauritius

    Minu Gupta Bhowon

  3. Dept. of Chemistry, Faculty of Scie, University of Mauritius, Reduit, Mauritius

    Sabina Jhaumeer Laulloo

  4. Reduit, Mauritius

    Henri Li Kam Wah

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© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

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Adeniyi, A., Yusuf, K., Okedeyi, O., Sowemimo, M. (2016). Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Health Risk Assessment of Selected Household Borehole Water of Lagos–Ogun Axis, Nigeria. In: Ramasami, P., Gupta Bhowon, M., Jhaumeer Laulloo, S., Li Kam Wah, H. (eds) Crystallizing Ideas – The Role of Chemistry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31759-5_15

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