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Mindfulness- and Acceptance-Based Interventions in the Treatment of Anxiety Disorders

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Mindfulness and Buddhist-Derived Approaches in Mental Health and Addiction

Part of the book series: Advances in Mental Health and Addiction ((AMHA))

Abstract

Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent and costly both to the individual and society. Established treatments are effective, but a number of patients fail to respond optimally. Mindfulness- and acceptance-based interventions (MABIs) constitute a family of treatments emphasising present-centred awareness, a stance of non-judgment, and value-oriented action. Anxiety disorders are instigated and maintained by a set of transdiagnostic processes within the domains of cognition, emotion, behaviour, and self-experience. A conceptual and empirical overview suggests that MABI may impact beneficially on these processes. Clinical trials and meta-analyses provide support for their effectiveness in anxiety disorders, although a pattern of divergent findings emerges. Clinical trials show strongest support for MABIs in the treatment of heterogeneous anxiety disorders and generalised anxiety disorder. Evidence for social anxiety disorder is mixed, and there is at present insufficient evidence to assess the impact of MABIs on panic disorder, PTSD, and OCD. Despite equivalent outcomes to cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) in most head-to-head comparisons, MABIs have yet to perform as well as CBT at its best. While CBT is still the treatment of choice for most anxiety disorders, MABIs constitute a viable treatment option for CBT nonresponders and may also be preferred by some patients. Further tailoring of MABIs to discrete anxiety disorders may be needed. Clinical implementation is discussed, and recommendations for further research are presented.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Solli District Psychiatric Centre (DPS), Nesttun, Norway

    Jon Vøllestad

  2. Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

    Jon Vøllestad

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  1. Awake to Wisdom, Centre for Meditation and Mindfulness Research, and Psychology Division, Chaucer Building, Bodhayati School of Buddhism, Nottingham, UK, and Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom

    Edo Shonin

  2. & Nottingham Trent Univ., Bodhayati School of Buddhism, Nottingham & Nottingham Trent Univ., Nottingham, United Kingdom

    William Van Gordon

  3. Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham, United Kingdom

    Mark D. Griffiths

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Vøllestad, J. (2016). Mindfulness- and Acceptance-Based Interventions in the Treatment of Anxiety Disorders. In: Shonin, E., Gordon, W., Griffiths, M. (eds) Mindfulness and Buddhist-Derived Approaches in Mental Health and Addiction. Advances in Mental Health and Addiction. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22255-4_6

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