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Fructose Feeding Changes Taurine Homeostasis in Wistar Rats

  • Conference paper
Taurine 9

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 803))

Abstract

High-fructose intake has been shown to induce dyslipidemia and other hallmarks of the metabolic syndrome and taurine seems able to ameliorate these effects. However, the effects of high fructose intake on taurine homeostasis are currently unknown. Here we examined the effects of a high-fructose diet with or without oral taurine supplementation (2 % in drinking water) for 6 weeks in Wistar rats.

Fructose significantly decreased hepatic triglyceride content, an increase in plasma triglyceride content but had no effect on plasma non-esterified fatty acids or total cholesterol, with taurine supplementation having no effect on these parameters.

A high fructose diet significantly decreased hepatic taurine content, increased EDL and soleus muscle taurine content and had no effect on plasma taurine content. Fructose increased taurine transporter (TauT) mRNA in liver, but not in EDL or soleus muscle. Interestingly, fructose decreased cysteinesulfinic acid decarboxylase (CSAD) and cysteine dioxygenase (CDO) mRNA levels in EDL muscle, and decreased cysteamine dioxygenase (ADO) mRNA levels in soleus muscle. Fructose did not cause any changes in CSAD, CDO or ADO mRNA levels in liver.

Taurine supplementation elevated plasma and skeletal muscle taurine content, but decreased liver taurine content. Taurine decreased TauT mRNA levels in both EDL and soleus muscle, but increased it in liver. Furthermore, taurine decreased CSAD mRNA levels in liver and soleus muscle as well as decreased CDO mRNA levels in soleus muscle.

These data suggest that taurine transport and biosynthesis are affected by high fructose intake in a tissue specific manner.

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Abbreviations

ADO:

Cysteamine dioxygenase

CDO:

Cysteine dioxygenase

CSAD:

Cysteinesulfinic acid decarboxylase

EDL:

Extensor digitorum longus

HDL:

High density lipoprotein

LDL:

Low density lipoprotein

NEFA:

Non-esterified fatty acids

NS:

Non-significant

TauT:

Taurine transporter

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by The Danish Strategic Research Council grant #09-067124 and #09-059921, Danish Medical Research Council grant #271-07-0732, by Købmand i Odense Johann og Hanne Weimann f. Seedorffs Legat, Gangstedfonden, Ernst Fischers mindelegat, Eva og Hans Carl Adolfs Mindelegat, and Direktør Emil Hertz og Hustru Inger Hertz Fond.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cellular and Metabolic Research Section, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Lea Hüche Larsen, Laura Kofoed Hvidsten Ørstrup, Niels Grunnet, Bjørn Quistorff & Ole Hartvig Mortensen

  2. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Svend Høime Hansen

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  1. Lea Hüche Larsen
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  6. Ole Hartvig Mortensen
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Correspondence to Ole Hartvig Mortensen .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Chair of Immunology, Medical College Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland

    Janusz Marcinkiewicz

  2. Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA

    Stephen W. Schaffer

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Larsen, L.H., Ørstrup, L.K.H., Hansen, S.H., Grunnet, N., Quistorff, B., Mortensen, O.H. (2015). Fructose Feeding Changes Taurine Homeostasis in Wistar Rats. In: Marcinkiewicz, J., Schaffer, S. (eds) Taurine 9. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 803. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15126-7_55

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