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Phytoremediation pp 95–114Cite as

Phytoremediation Using Rhizobia

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Abstract

The use of plants to clean up polluted sites, named phytoremediation, is an attractive methodology for the cleanup of metals and other soil contaminants. While some plants can hyperaccumulate metals from the environment or break down diverse organic contaminants, they typically do not produce a large amount of biomass, and many other plants are unable to grow under such conditions. Legumes are well known for their importance as both animal and human foods and for their role in maintaining soil fertility; they are also of great interest in sustainable agricultural systems. In this context, the use of rhizobia that form a symbiotic relationship with legumes to increase the productivity and yield of legume plants in metal-contaminated soils is a promising approach to metal phytoremediation. Thus, selection of particular rhizobial strains with some degree of tolerance to metals and possessing various plant growth-promoting activities is imperative. Recent studies have indicated that metal-resistant rhizobia possessing plant growth-promoting traits, including nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, phytohormone synthesis, siderophore production and release, and synthesis of ACC deaminase may facilitate legume growth while lessening metal toxicity. This chapter discusses the possible application of rhizobia, as symbiotic nitrogen fixers and plant growth-promoting bacteria, which may improve the productivity and yield of legumes in metal-contaminated soils.

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  1. ICAAM-Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7002-554, Évora, Portugal

    Clarisse Brígido Ph.D.

  2. Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada, N21 3G1

    Bernard R. Glick

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  1. Clarisse Brígido Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Clarisse Brígido Ph.D. or Bernard R. Glick .

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  1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

    Abid Ali Ansari

  2. Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India

    Sarvajeet Singh Gill

  3. Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India

    Ritu Gill

  4. College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, New York, USA

    Guy R. Lanza

  5. College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, New York, USA

    Lee Newman

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Brígido, C., Glick, B.R. (2015). Phytoremediation Using Rhizobia. In: Ansari, A., Gill, S., Gill, R., Lanza, G., Newman, L. (eds) Phytoremediation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10969-5_9

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