Abstract
A semi-active (SA) control system based on the use of smart magnetorheological (MR) dampers to control the structural response of a wind turbine is proposed herein. The innovative approach is based on the implementation and use of a variable-properties base restraint. This is able to modify in real time its mechanical properties according to the instantaneous decision of a given control logic, the latter addressed to control one or more structural response parameters. The smart base restraint is thought to be a combination of a smooth hinge, elastic springs, large-scale adjustable MR dampers, and a control algorithm that instantaneously commands the latter during the motion, making them to modulate the reactive force as needed to achieve the performance goals. The design and operation of such a system are shown with reference to a case study consisting of an almost 100 m tall wind turbine, realized in a 1/20 scale model at the Denmark Technical University (DTU). Shaking table tests have been performed under the action of two different types of wind loads and by using two purposely written control logics, highlighting the high effectiveness of the proposed SA control technique and encouraging to further investigate in such direction.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Kirkegaard PH, Nielsen SRK, Poulsen BL, Andersen J, Pedersen LH, Pedersen BJ (2002) Semiactive vibration control of wind turbine tower using an MR damper, structural dynamics: EURODYN 2002. Balkema Publishers A.A., Taylor and Francis, Netherlands, Rotterdam, pp 1575–1580
Karimi HR, Zapateiro M, Luo N (2010) Semiactive vibration control of offshore wind turbine towers with tuned liquid column dampers using h∞ output feedback control. In: Proceedings of IEEE international conference on control applications, Yokohama, Japan
Luo N, Bottasso CL, Karimi HR, Zapateiro M (2011) Semiactive control for floating offshore wind turbines subject to aero-hydro dynamic loads. In: Proceedings of international conference on renewable energies and power quality—ICREPQ 2011, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
Luo N (2011) Smart structural control strategies for the dynamic load mitigation in floating offshore wind turbines. In: Proceedings of international workshop on advanced smart materials and smart structures technology—ANCRiSST, Dalian, China
Luo N (2012) Analysis of offshore support structure dynamics and vibration control of floating wind turbines. USTC J 42(5):1–8
Luo N, Pacheco L, Vidal Y, Li H (2012) Smart structural control strategies for offshore wind power generation with floating wind turbines. In: Proceedings of international conference on renewable energies and power quality—ICREPQ 2012, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Luo N, Pacheco L, Vidal Y, Zapateiro M (2012) Dynamic load mitigation for floating offshore wind turbines supported by structures with mooring lines. In: Proceedings of european conference on structural control—EACS, Genova, Italy
Arrigan J, Pakrashi V, Basu B, Nagarajaiah S (2011) Control of flapwise vibrations in wind turbine blades using semi-active tuned mass dampers. Struct Control Health Monit 18:840–851. doi:10.1002/stc.404
Rodríguez TA, Carcangiu CE, Amo I, Martin M, Fischer T, Kuhnle B, Scheu M (2011) Wind turbine tower load reduction using passive and semi-active dampers. In: Proceedings of the european wind energy conference—EWEC 2011, Brussels, Belgium
Luenberger DG (1979) Introduction to dynamic systems. John Wiley and Sons, New York
Moore BC (1976) On the flexibility offered by state feedback in multivariable systems beyond closed loop eigenvalue assignment. IEEE Trans Autom Control 21:689–692
Chen J, Georgakis CT (2013) Tuned rolling-ball dampers for vibration control in wind turbines. J Sound Vib 332:5271–5282. doi:10.1016/j.jsv.2013.05.019
Chen J, Georgakis CT (2013) Spherical tuned liquid damper for vibration control in wind turbines. J Vib Control, SAGE Pbs. doi:10.1177/1077546313495911
Caterino N, Spizzuoco M, Occhiuzzi A (2011) Understanding and modeling the physical behavior of magnetorheological dampers for seismic structural control. Smart Mater Struct 20:065013. doi:10.1088/0964-1726/20/6/065013
Occhiuzzi A, Spizzuoco M, Serino G (2003) Experimental analysis of magnetorheological dampers for structural control. Smart Mater Struct 12:703–711. doi:10.1088/0964-1726/12/5/306
Carlson JD, Jolly MR (2000) MR fluid, foam and elastomer devices. Mechatronics 10:555–569
Caterino N, Spizzuoco M, Occhiuzzi A (2013) Promptness and dissipative capacity of MR dampers: experimental investigations. Struct Control Health Monit 20(12):1424–1440. doi:10.1002/stc.1578
Caterino N, Spizzuoco M, Occhiuzzi A (2014) Shaking table testing of a steel frame structure equipped with semi-active MR dampers: comparison of control algorithms, Smart Struct Syst, Technopress (in press)
Occhiuzzi A (2009) Additional viscous dampers for civil structures: analysis of design methods based on modal damping ratios. Eng Struct 31(5):1093–1101
Larsen TJ, Hansen AM (2008) HAWC2 user manual. Risø National Laboratory, Technical University of Denmark, Roskilde, Denmark
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Caterino, N., Georgakis, C.T., Trinchillo, F., Occhiuzzi, A. (2014). A Semi-active Control System for Wind Turbines. In: Luo, N., Vidal, Y., Acho, L. (eds) Wind Turbine Control and Monitoring. Advances in Industrial Control. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08413-8_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08413-8_13
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-08412-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-08413-8
eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)