Abstract
Loud startling acoustic stimuli can involuntarily elicit planned movements faster than is possible voluntarily. This phenomenon, known as startReact, is thought to be mediated through brainstem pathways. The startReact can be elicited in stroke survivors with a cortical lesion. This has been demonstrated for elbow motions, thought to have significant input from brainstem pathways. This study sought to determine if the startReact can also be elicited for hand movements following stroke, even though these are driven predominantly by the motor cortex.Data were collected from 8 stroke survivors performing rapid hand extension movements. StartReact responses could be elicited in 7 of 8 subjects. Across all subjects, the startling acoustic stimuli were able to decrease movement times substantially (∆ 57ms; p ≈ 0) when indicators of startle were detected. However, these responses were elicited less frequently than previous reports for startReact at the elbow. Nevertheless, the intact startReact response suggests that the integrity and actions of the pathways mediating this response should be considered when rehabilitating the hand following stroke.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Latham, C.: Occupational therapy for physical dysfunction, 3rd edn. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore (1989)
Honeycutt, C.F., Perreault, E.: Planning of Ballistic Movement following Stroke: Insights from the Startle Reflex. PloS One 7, e43097 (2012)
Valls-Sole, J., Rothwell, J.C., Goulart, F., Cossu, G., Munoz, E.: Patterned ballistic movements triggered by a startle in healthy humans. The Journal of physiology 516(Pt. 3), 8–931 (1999)
Rothwell, J.: The startle reflex, voluntary movement, and the reticulospinal tract. Supplements to Clinical neurophysiology 58, 31–223 (2006)
Riddle, C.N., Baker, S.N.: Convergence of pyramidal and medial brain stem descending pathways onto macaque cervical spinal interneurons. Journal of Neurophysiology 103, 32–2821 (2010)
Honeycutt, C.F., Kharouta, M., Perreault, E.J.: Evidence for reticulospinal contributions to coordinated finger movements in humans. Journal of Neurophysiology 19 (2013)
Dewald, J.P., Pope, P.S., Given, J.D., Buchanan, T.S., Rymer, W.Z.: Abnormal muscle coactivation patterns during isometric torque generation at the elbow and shoulder in hemiparetic subjects. Brain: A Journal of Neurology 18(Pt. 2), 495–510 (1995)
Carlsen, A.N., Maslovat, D., Lam, M.Y., Chua, R., Franks, I.M.: Considerations for the use of a startling acoustic stimulus in studies of motor preparation in humans. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 35, 366–376 (2011)
Kohfeld, D.L.: Effects of the intensity of auditory and visual ready signals on simple reaction time. J. Exp. Psychol. 82, 88–95 (1969)
Carlsen, A.N., Dakin, C.J., Chua, R., Franks, I.M.: Startle produces early response latencies that are distinct from stimulus intensity effects. Experimental Brain Research Exp. Brain. Res. 176, 199–205 (2007)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Honeycutt, C.F., Tresch, U.A., Perreault, E.J. (2014). Startling Acoustic Stimuli Elicit Rapid Hand Extension Following Stroke. In: Jensen, W., Andersen, O., Akay, M. (eds) Replace, Repair, Restore, Relieve – Bridging Clinical and Engineering Solutions in Neurorehabilitation. Biosystems & Biorobotics, vol 7. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08072-7_65
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08072-7_65
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-08071-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-08072-7
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)