Abstract
Local anesthetics produce reversible blockage of sodium channels in the nerve cell membrane, thereby interrupting stimulus conduction.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Weninger E. Pharmakodynamik der Lokalanästhetika. Anästhesiologie Intensivmedizin. 1996;5(37):249–67.
Borchard U, Niesel HC. Grundlagen der Pharmakologie der Lokalanästhetika. In: Niesel HC, editor. Regionalanästhesie, Lokalanästhesie, Regionale Schmerztherapie. Stuttgart/New York: Georg Thieme Verlag; 1994.
Di Gregorio G, Neal MJ, Rosenquist RW, Weinberg LG. Clinical presentation of local anesthetic systemic toxicity. A review of published cases, 1979 to 2009. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2010;35:181–7.
Guay J. The epidural test dose: a review. Anesth Analg. 2006;102:921–9.
Mulroy MF, Hejtmanek MR. Prevention of local anesthetic systemic toxicity. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2010;35:177–80.
Neal MJ, Bernards MC, Butterworth FJ, Di Gregorio G, Drasner K, Hejtmanek M, Mulroy MF, Rosenquist RW, Weinberg GL. ASRA practice advisory on local anesthetic systemic toxicity. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2010;35:152–61.
Weinberg LG. Treatment of local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST). Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2010;35:188–93.
Rowbotham MC, Reisner-Keller LA, Fields HL. Both intravenous lidocaine and morphine reduce the pain of postherpetic neuralgia. Neurology. 1991;41:1024–8.
Baranowski AP, De Courcey J, Bonelle E. A trial of intravenous lidocaine on the pain and allodynia of postherpetic neuralgia. J Pain Symptom Manage. 1999;17(6):429–33.
Basler HD, Ernst A, Flöter Th, Gerbershagen HU, Hankemeier U, Jungck D, Müller-Schwefe G, Zimmermann M. Gemeinsame Richtlinien der Deutschen Gesellschaft zum Studium des Schmerzes e. V. (DGSS) und des SCHMERZtherapeutischen Kolloquiums e. V. (StK) für die Zusatzweiterbildung zum Algesiologen DGSS/STK. SCHMERZtherapeutisches Kolloquium. 1995;11:3–5.
Rowbotham MC, Davies PS, Galer BS. Multicenter, double-blind, vehicle-controlled trial of long term use of lidocaine patches for postherpetic neuralgia (abstract). In: 8th World Congress on Pain. Vancouver: IASP Press; 1996. p. 274.
Rowbotham MC, Davies PS, Fields HL. Topical lidocaine gel relieves postherpetic neuralgia. Ann Neurol. 1995;37:246–53.
Rowbotham MC, Davies PS, Verkempinck C. Lidocaine patch: double-blind controlled study of a new treatment method for postherpetic neuralgia. Pain. 1996;65:39–44.
Galer BS, Rowbotham MC, Perander J. Topical lidocaine patch relieves postherpetic neuralgia more effectively than a vehicle topical patch: results of an enriched enrollment study. Pain. 1999;80:533–8.
Gammaitoni AR, Alvarez NA, Galer BS. Safety and tolerability of the lidocaine patch 5%, a targeted peripheral analgesic: a review of the literature. J Clin Pharmacol. 2003;43(2):111–7.
Groban L, Deal DD, Vernon JC, James RL, Butterworth J. Cardiac resuscitation after incremental overdosage with lidocaine, bupivacaine, levobupivacaine, and ropivacaine in anesthetized dogs. Anesth Analg. 2001;92:37–43.
Zink W, et al. Bupivacaine but not Ropivacaine Induces Apoptosis in Mammalian Skeletal Muscle Fibers. Poster Discussion, Local Anesthesia and Pain, Basic Science II, ASA. 2002:A-971
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Jankovic, D. (2015). Use of Local Anesthetics in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Therapy. In: Regional Nerve Blocks in Anesthesia and Pain Therapy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05131-4_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05131-4_1
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-05130-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-05131-4
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)