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Mechanisms of subcellular remodelling in post-infarct heart failure

  • Chapter
Myocardial Ischemia: Mechanisms, Reperfusion, Protection

Part of the book series: EXS ((EXS,volume 76))

Summary

Occlusion of a coronary artery results in myocardial ischemia and subsequent myocardial infarction. Whenever the infarct size is more than 30% of the ventricular wall, the remaining myocardium attempts to compensate for the loss of muscle mass by changing the size and shape of cardiocytes in addition to developing cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac dilatation and congestive heart failure. This remodelling of the heart is associated with changes in the extracellular matrix including collagen proteins and is most probably due to the activation of both sympathetic nervous system and renin-angiotensin system as well as increased formation of various growth factors. Alterations in contractile function of the infarcted heart are associated with remodelling of the sarcoplasmic reticulum with respect to Ca2+-pump and Ca2+-release channels as well as contractile and regulatory proteins of the myofibrils. Myocardial infarction has also been shown to result in remodelling of the sarcolemmal membrane with respect to Ca2+-channels, Ca2+-transport systems, cardiac receptors and signal transduction mechanisms. Although information regarding remodelling of mitochondria in the infarcted heart is limited, alterations in energy yielding and Ca2+-accumulating systems are suspected. Accordingly, it is suggested that changes in cardiac contractile dysfunction due to myocardial infarction are associated with remodelling of both extracellular matrix and subcellular organelles in the heart.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface General Hospital Research Centre and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R2H 2A6

    N. S. Dhalla, D. Kaura, X. Liu & R. E. Beamish

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  1. N. S. Dhalla
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  2. D. Kaura
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  3. X. Liu
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  4. R. E. Beamish
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Western Ontario, Medical Sciences Building, N6A 5C1, London, Ontario, Canada

    Morris Karmazyn PhD (Professor and Career Investigator of the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario) (Professor and Career Investigator of the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario)

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© 1996 Birkhäuser Verlag Basel/Switzerland

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Dhalla, N.S., Kaura, D., Liu, X., Beamish, R.E. (1996). Mechanisms of subcellular remodelling in post-infarct heart failure. In: Karmazyn, M. (eds) Myocardial Ischemia: Mechanisms, Reperfusion, Protection. EXS, vol 76. Birkhäuser Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8988-9_28

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8988-9_28

  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser Basel

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-0348-9857-7

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