Skip to main content

Part of the book series: Contemporary Medical Imaging ((CMI))

  • 263 Accesses

Abstract

Catheter angiography of the spine is much less common than cerebral angiography, but it remains the gold standard for imaging spinal vasculature. Noninvasive imaging of spinal vasculature, including high resolution MRA or CTA, can be helpful to screen for larger vascular abnormalities, but fails to provide precise information regarding flow patterns and collateral flow and the vessels of interest are often below the spatial resolution of these noninvasive modalities. Diagnostic spinal angiography is also typically done as the first step during neurointerventional procedures involving the spine and spinal cord. The techniques and skills required for spinal angiography can overlap with those required for cerebral angiography, since the upper cervical spine and spinal cord are supplied by the vertebral arteries. However, the spine extends from the base of the skull to the sacrum, and imaging the vasculature is a procedure entirely different from cerebral angiography.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Yamamoto S, Kanaya H, Kim P. Spinal intraarterial computed tomography angiography as an effective adjunct for spinal angiography. J Neurosurg Spine. 2015;23(3):360–7. https://doi.org/10.3171/2014.12.SPINE14584.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Forbes G, Nichols DA, Jack CR Jr, et al. Complications of spinal cord arteriography: prospective assessment of risk for diagnostic procedures. Radiology. 1988;169(2):479–84. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=3174997.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Niimi Y, Sala F, Deletis V, Setton A, de Camargo AB, Berenstein A. Neurophysiologic monitoring and pharmacologic provocative testing for embolization of spinal cord arteriovenous malformations. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2004;25(7):1131–8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15313696.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Chen J, Gailloud P. Safety of spinal angiography: complication rate analysis in 302 diagnostic angiograms. Neurology. 2011;77(13):1235–40 (in Eng). https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182302068.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Moseley IF, Tress BM. Extravasation of contrast medium during spinal angiography: a case of paraplegia. Neuroradiology. 1977;13(1):55–7. Case Reports (in Eng). http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/557752.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Ramirez-Lassepas M, McClelland RR, Snyder BD, Marsh DG. Cervical myelopathy complicating cerebral angiography. Report of a case and review of the literature. Neurology. 1977;27(9):834–7. Case Reports (in Eng). http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/561339.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Miller DL. Direct origin of the artery of the cervical enlargement from the left subclavian artery. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1993;14(1):242–4. Case Reports (in Eng). http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8427098.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Rosovsky MA, Rusinek H, Berenstein A, Basak S, Setton A, Nelson PK. High-dose administration of nonionic contrast media: a retrospective review. Radiology. 1996;200(1):119–22. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=8657898.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Prestigiacomo CJ, Niimi Y, Setton A, Berenstein A. Three-dimensional rotational spinal angiography in the evaluation and treatment of vascular malformations. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2003;24(7):1429–35. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12917141.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  10. Rauste J, Somer K. Semiselective renal angiography, a useful method for evaluating the vascular supply in both kidneys. Radiol Clin (Basel). 1977;46(4):281–8 (in Eng). http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/877260.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Ogawa R. [Semiselective renal and lumbar angiography: experimental and clinical evaluation of this new angiographic method]. Nippon Igaku Hoshasen Gakkai Zasshi. 1995;55(1):20–33 (in Jpn). http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7899062.

  12. Kozak RI, Bennett JD, Brown TC, Lee TY. Reduction of bowel motion artifact during digital subtraction angiography: a comparison of hyoscine butylbromide and glucagon. Can Assoc Radiol J. 1994;45(3):209–11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=8193968.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Shimizu S, Tanaka R, Kan S, Suzuki S, Kurata A, Fujii K. Origins of the segmental arteries in the aorta: an anatomic study for selective catheterization with spinal arteriography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2005;26(4):922–8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15814947.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  14. Barrow DL, Colohan AR, Dawson R. Intradural perimedullary arteriovenous fistulas (type IV spinal cord arteriovenous malformations). J Neurosurg. 1994;81(2):221–9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=8027805.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Schievink WI, Vishteh AG, McDougall CG, Spetzler RF. Intraoperative spinal angiography. J Neurosurg. 1999;90(1 Suppl):48–51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10413125.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Lang SS, Eskioglu E, R AM. Intraoperative angiography for neurovascular disease in the prone or three-quarter prone position. Surg Neurol. 2006;65(3):283–9; discussion 289. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=16488250.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Barbetta I, van den Berg JC. Access and hemostasis: femoral and popliteal approaches and closure devices-why, what, when, and how? Semin Intervent Radiol. 2014;31(4):353–60. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1393972.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  18. Benes L, Wakat JP, Sure U, Bien S, Bertalanffy H. Intraoperative spinal digital subtraction angiography: technique and results. Neurosurgery. 2003;52(3):603–9; discussion 608–9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12590685.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Pulido Rivas P, Villoria Medina F, Fortea Gil F, Sola RG. [Dural fistula in the craniocervical junction. A case report and review of the literature]. Rev Neurol. 2004;38(5):438–442. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15029522.

  20. Li J, Ezura M, Takahashi A, Yoshimoto T. Intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula with venous reflux to the brainstem and spinal cord mimicking brainstem infarction—case report. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2004;44(1):24–8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=14959933.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Willinsky R, Lasjaunias P, Terbrugge K, Hurth M. Angiography in the investigation of spinal dural arteriovenous fistula. A protocol with application of the venous phase. Neuroradiology. 1990;32(2):114–6 (in Eng). http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2398936.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Eckart Sorte D, Obrzut M, Wyse E, Gailloud P. Normal venous phase documented during angiography in patients with spinal vascular malformations: incidence and clinical implications. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2016;37(3):565–71. https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4601.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  23. Trop I, Roy D, Raymond J, Roux A, Bourgouin P, Lesage J. Craniocervical dural fistula associated with cervical myelopathy: angiographic demonstration of normal venous drainage of the thoracolumbar cord does not rule out diagnosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1998;19(3):583–6. Case Reports (in Eng). http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9541323.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  24. Minatoya K, Karck M, Hagl C, et al. The impact of spinal angiography on the neurological outcome after surgery on the descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aorta. Ann Thorac Surg. 2002;74(5):S1870–2; discussion S1892–8 (in Eng). http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12440683.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mark R. Harrigan .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Harrigan, M.R., Deveikis, J.P. (2023). Spinal Angiography. In: Handbook of Cerebrovascular Disease and Neurointerventional Technique. Contemporary Medical Imaging. Humana, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45598-8_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45598-8_3

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-45597-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-45598-8

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics