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Introduction to Biosensing

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Handbook of II-VI Semiconductor-Based Sensors and Radiation Detectors

Abstract

The biosensor is an analytical device that consists of two main segments; a physicochemical converter, a transducer, and a biological element, a bio-receptor, whose functions are performed by enzymes, proteins, nucleic acids, and microorganisms. As a result of the interaction of the bio-receptor with the analyte using a transducer, an electrical or optical signal is generated that is proportional to the analyte. This chapter considers the types of biosensors, their specifics, possible configuration, materials used, and manufacturing and operation features. A brief description of electrochemical, optical, and physical biosensors, as well as enzyme biosensors, aptasensors, protein sensors, immunosensors, cell-based biosensors, and biochips is given. It has been shown that the use of nanomaterials such as quantum dots, nanoparticles, and core-shell structures improves the efficiency of biosensors. The main areas of application of biosensors are considered. It is shown that biosensors can become alternative analytical tools with high efficiency, high sensitivity, and selectivity for applications in various fields such as medicine, agriculture, food quality control, environment monitoring, etc.

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Acknowledgments

V.K. sincerely thanks everyone who contributed to the creation of this chapter. R.G.A. and P.G. are also thankful to Assistant Prof. Vineet Kumar for the tirelessness guidance and encouragement. G.K. is grateful to the State Program of the Republic of Moldova, project 20.80009.5007.02, for supporting his research.

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  1. Department of Physics and Engineering, Moldova State University, Chisinau, Moldova

    Ghenadii Korotcenkov

  2. Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India

    Rabiu Garba Ahmad & Vineet Kumar

  3. Department of Biology, School of Science Education, Sa’adatu Rimi College of Education, Kumbotso Kano, Nigeria

    Rabiu Garba Ahmad

  4. Department of Biotechnology, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India

    Praveen Guleria

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    Ghenadii Korotcenkov

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Korotcenkov, G., Ahmad, R.G., Guleria, P., Kumar, V. (2023). Introduction to Biosensing. In: Korotcenkov, G. (eds) Handbook of II-VI Semiconductor-Based Sensors and Radiation Detectors. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24000-3_17

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