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Fundamentals of Biosensors and Detection Methods

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Microfluidics and Biosensors in Cancer Research

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1379))

Abstract

Biosensors have a great impact on our society to enhance the life quality, playing an important role in the development of Point-of-Care (POC) technologies for rapid diagnostics, and monitoring of disease progression. COVID-19 rapid antigen tests, home pregnancy tests, and glucose monitoring sensors represent three examples of successful biosensor POC devices. Biosensors have extensively been used in applications related to the control of diseases, food quality and safety, and environment quality. They can provide great specificity and portability at significantly reduced costs. In this chapter are described the fundamentals of biosensors including the working principles, general configurations, performance factors, and their classifications according to the type of bioreceptors and transducers. It is also briefly illustrated the general strategies applied to immobilize biorecognition elements on the transducer surface for the construction of biosensors. Moreover, the principal detection methods used in biosensors are described, giving special emphasis on optical, electrochemical, and mass-based methods. Finally, the challenges for biosensing in real applications are addressed at the end of this chapter.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Scientific and Technological Research Support System (SAICT)—Scientific Research and Technological Development Projects (IC&DT) from the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) and the Competitiveness and Internationalization Operational Program under Grant Agreement No. 030881 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029547). This work was supported by NANOCULTURE Interreg Atlantic Area project (EAPA_590/2018); ACUINANO Interreg POCTEP project (code 1843); Horizon 2020 project LABPLAS—Land-Based Solutions for Plastics in the Sea (101003954); SbDToolBox- Nanotechnology-based tools and tests for Safe-by-Design nanomaterials (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000047) supported by the North Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE2020) under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). LR-L acknowledges funding from FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e Technologia) for the Scientific Employment Stimulus Program (2020.04021.CEECIND). We would like to thank Dr. Miguel Spuch-Calvar for preparing the 3D illustrations used in Fig. 1.3.

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  1. INL, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal

    Marília Barreiros dos Santos, Laura Rodriguez-Lorenzo, Raquel Queirós & Begoña Espiña

Authors
  1. Marília Barreiros dos Santos
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  2. Laura Rodriguez-Lorenzo
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  3. Raquel Queirós
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  4. Begoña Espiña
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Correspondence to Marília Barreiros dos Santos .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics at the University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, ICVS/3B’s – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal

    David Caballero

  2. 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics at the University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, ICVS/3B’s – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal

    Subhas C. Kundu

  3. 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics at the University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, ICVS/3B’s – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal

    Rui L. Reis

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Barreiros dos Santos, M., Rodriguez-Lorenzo, L., Queirós, R., Espiña, B. (2022). Fundamentals of Biosensors and Detection Methods. In: Caballero, D., Kundu, S.C., Reis, R.L. (eds) Microfluidics and Biosensors in Cancer Research. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1379. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04039-9_1

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