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Verification of Co-simulation Algorithms Subject to Algebraic Loops and Adaptive Steps

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Formal Methods for Industrial Critical Systems (FMICS 2021)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNPSE,volume 12863))

Abstract

Simulation-based analyses of cyber-physical systems are increasingly vital. Co-simulation is one such technique that enables the coupling of specialized simulation tools through an orchestration algorithm. The orchestrator dictates how each simulation tool should simulate its corresponding subsystem. Obtaining correct simulation results requires an implementation-aware orchestration algorithm tailored to the specific scenario, without the orchestrator knowing each simulation tool’s implementation. Such an algorithm should stabilize algebraic loops, perform time step negotiation, and adhere to each simulation tool’s implementation. This paper describes an approach and implementation to prove that a given orchestration algorithm respects all contracts related to the simulation units’ implementation. The approach has been applied to an industrial case study and other complex scenarios. The tool and results are available online.

We are grateful to the Poul Due Jensen Foundation, which has supported the establishment of a new Centre for Digital Twin Technology at Aarhus University. Maurizio Palmieri is also grateful to the Italian Ministry of Education and Research (MIUR) in the framework of the CrossLab project (Department of Excellence).

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Notes

  1. 1.

    https://github.com/INTO-CPS-Association/Scenario-Verifier.

  2. 2.

    https://github.com/SimplisticCode/Co-simulation-Verifier.

  3. 3.

    https://github.com/SimplisticCode/Co-simulation-Verifier/blob/master/Scenario/examples/industrial_casestudy.conf.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Stefan Hallerstede, Tomas Kulik, Jalil Boudjadar, and the reviewers for providing valuable input to this paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. DIGIT, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

    Simon Thrane Hansen, Cláudio Gomes, Casper Thule & Jim Woodcock

  2. DII, Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

    Maurizio Palmieri

  3. DIGIT, Department of Computer Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

    Jaco van de Pol

  4. Department of Computer Science, University of York, York, UK

    Jim Woodcock

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  1. Simon Thrane Hansen
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  2. Cláudio Gomes
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  4. Casper Thule
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  5. Jaco van de Pol
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  6. Jim Woodcock
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Correspondence to Simon Thrane Hansen .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark

    Alberto Lluch Lafuente

  2. KBR/NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA

    Anastasia Mavridou

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Hansen, S.T., Gomes, C., Palmieri, M., Thule, C., van de Pol, J., Woodcock, J. (2021). Verification of Co-simulation Algorithms Subject to Algebraic Loops and Adaptive Steps. In: Lluch Lafuente, A., Mavridou, A. (eds) Formal Methods for Industrial Critical Systems. FMICS 2021. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12863. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85248-1_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85248-1_1

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